World Geography and Capitals

Reykjavik is the capital and largest city of Iceland, a Nordic island nation in the North Atlantic Ocean. It's the world's northernmost national capital.

Bern is the capital of Switzerland, and Algiers is the capital of Algeria. Lagos was Nigeria's former capital (replaced by Abuja), and Rio de Janeiro was Brazil's former capital (replaced by Brasília).

Wellington, the capital of New Zealand, is the southernmost national capital in the world at approximately 41°S latitude. Canberra (35°S), Santiago (33°S), and Buenos Aires (34°S) are all located further north.

Cape Town is affectionately called the 'Mother City' in South Africa because it was the first city to be established in the country (founded in 1652). It served as the starting point from which the rest of South Africa developed.

The Nobel Peace Prize is uniquely awarded in Oslo, Norway, while all other Nobel Prizes are presented in Stockholm, Sweden. This was specified in Alfred Nobel's will.

The 'Land of the Midnight Sun' refers to Norway, where the sun remains visible at midnight during summer months due to the country's northern latitude. The capital of Norway is Oslo, not Reykjavik (Iceland), Tokyo (Japan), or Copenhagen (Denmark).

The Republic of Korea is South Korea, and its capital is Seoul. Keeping and Osaka are in Japan. Pyongyang is the capital of North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea), not South Korea.

Brazil is the 6th largest nation by area and its capital is Brasilia. New Delhi is India's capital. Alma Aty (Almaty) is in Kazakhstan. Canberra is Australia's capital.

Vientiane is indeed the capital city of Laos, located on the Mekong River. It has been the capital since the Lan Xang Kingdom and remains the political and administrative center. The statement is geographically correct.

Baku is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan. Located on the Caspian Sea, it's the country's political, economic, and cultural center. Accra is the capital of Ghana, and the other options appear to be fictional or misspelled names.

South Africa uniquely has three capital cities: Cape Town (legislative capital, where Parliament sits), Pretoria (executive capital, seat of government), and Bloemfontein (judicial capital, seat of the Supreme Court of Appeal). Johannesburg, while South Africa's largest city, is not a capital.

Montevideo is the capital and largest city of Uruguay, located on the southern coast of the country. Panama's capital is Panama City (Option A), Asuncion is the capital of Paraguay (Option C), and 'Polarado' appears to be a fictional or misspelled option.

Kyoto was the imperial capital of Japan for over a thousand years (794-1868) before the capital was moved to Tokyo (then called Edo) during the Meiji Restoration. Yokohama and Osaka are major cities but were never imperial capitals. Tokyo is the current capital, not the former one.

Philadelphia served as the temporary capital of the United States during and after the Revolutionary War (1790-1800) before the permanent capital was established in Washington D.C. in 1800. New York was also an earlier capital (1785-1790), but Philadelphia immediately preceded Washington D.C. LA and Chicago were never capitals.