Science General · Commerce Accountancy

Textile and Fiber Materials

2,761 Questions

Textile and fiber materials questions cover the properties, sources, and applications of natural and synthetic fabrics. Topics include moisture wicking sportswear, plant fibers, and natural dyes. This subject appears in general science sections of various competitive exams and requires practical material knowledge.

Synthetic fiber propertiesNatural plant fibersFabric draping and materialsNatural dyes in textilesApparel and sportswear materials

Textile and Fiber Materials Questions

Multiple choice chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

Which of the following takes so many years to degrade?

  1. Jute

  2. Cotton

  3. Wool

  4. Plastic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Non-biodegradable materials are not degraded by natural factors such as micro-organisms such as bacteria, UV radiations etc. They stay longer and difficult to degrade.
Jute, cotton and wool are made from natural fibre and are therefore biodegradable while plastic is a synthetic polymer and is non-biodegradable waste.
option D isc orrect
Multiple choice chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

Nylon is obtained by:

  1. treating wood pulp

  2. solidifying water

  3. mixing coal, air and water

  4. mixing chemicals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Nylon was first commercially synthesized fibre. The production of nylon was started almost simultaneously in New York and London, thus it got its name (NY for New York and Lon for London) as nylon. Nylon is synthesized from coal, water and air. Fibre of nylon is very strong and it also resembles silk.

Multiple choice chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

Synthetic fibers are obtained from which of the following?

  1. Plants

  2. Sheeps

  3. Chemicals

  4. Jute
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Synthetic fibres are created by extruding fibre forming materials through spinnerets into air and water, forming a thread. These artificially manufactured fibres were made from polymers obtained from petro chemicals. These fibres are called synthetic or artificial fibres. The two most common ones are nylon and polyester. Nylon is made from two chemicals, adipic acid (AA) and hexamethylene diamine (HMD).

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice chemistry man made materials environmental impact: plastics plastic plastic plastic waste garbage in, garbage out

Fibre obtained by chemical treatment of wood pulp is called:

  1. natural Silk

  2. rayon

  3. nylon

  4. polyster
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Natural Silk: The protein fibre of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons.
Rayon: Rayon is a manufactured regenerated cellulose fibre. It is made from purified cellulose, primarily from wood pulp, which is chemically converted into a soluble compound.
Nylon: Nylon is a strong, light synthetic fibre. Nylon thread is made from the polymerization of an amine and an acid chloride. 
Polyester: Polyester is a synthetic polymer made of purified terephthalic acid or its dimethyl ester dimethyl terephthalate and mono ethylene glycol. 

Hence, the correct option is $B$
Multiple choice biology economic importance of plants and animals uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

A cultivated plant whose seed epidermis produces abundant cellulosic hairs used in textile industry and manufacture of fine quality paper is

  1. Cannabis sativa

  2. Linum usitatissimum

  3. Gossypium herbaceum

  4. Salmalia malabarica
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gossypium herbaceum, or cotton, is a plant whose seed epidermis produces cellulosic hairs used for textiles and paper.

Multiple choice biology economic importance of plants and animals uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

Hevea yields

  1. Bast resin (latex)

  2. Soft fibre

  3. Delicious soft drink

  4. Strong fibre
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hevea brasiliensis is a rubber tree that produces latex in their specialized cells called laticifers which is present within the bark of the tree. 

So the correct option is A.

Multiple choice biology economic importance of plants and animals uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

A fibre of greatest commercial importance is derived from epidermis of seeds or outside the seed coat is

  1. Flax

  2. Coir

  3. Cotton

  4. Hemp
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cotton fibres (Gossypium) are the outgrowth of the epidermis. These are the epidermal cells and they become elongated.

So the correct option is C.

Multiple choice biology economic importance of plants and animals uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

The fibres of commercial importance are obtained from

  1. Parenchyma

  2. Collenchyma

  3. Chlorenchyma

  4. Sclerenchyma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sclerenchyma fibers are of great economic importance as they constitute the source material for a variety of fabrics (e.g. flax, hemp, jute, etc)

So the correct option is D.

Multiple choice biology economic importance of plants and animals uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

Which of the following is grown as most important source of textile fibres in Bengal

  1. Crotolaria

  2. Gossypium

  3. Corchorus

  4. Linum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(c) Corchorus is mainly grown in Bengal because of the climatic and soil conditions of this region. These conditions are favourable to this crop and abundant water of Hugli river is available for the rotting of fibres.

So the correct option is C.

Multiple choice biology plants in daily life uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

Jute fibre deteriorates quickly due to presence of

  1. High cellulose

  2. Low cellulose

  3. High lignin

  4. Low lignin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Jute fiber is a lignocellulosic fiber. High lignin content makes the fiber more resistant to degradation, but in the context of commercial processing and quality, high lignin content is often associated with lower flexibility and faster deterioration under certain environmental conditions compared to pure cellulose fibers.

Multiple choice biology plants in daily life uses of angiosperms importance and classification of angiosperms classification of angiosperms importance of plants

The cotton thread fibres are

  1. Fibres taken out from stem

  2. Epidermal hairs of seeds

  3. Epidermal hairs of fruits

  4. Fibres taken out from roots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cotton fibers are single-celled, elongated structures that grow from the surface of the seeds of the cotton plant. They are botanically classified as epidermal hairs.