Chemistry · Science General

States of Matter

2,682 Questions

States of matter questions explore physical changes, evaporation, phase transitions, and the properties of liquids and gases. Topics cover density, cryosurgery, heavy water, and electrolytes. This foundational chemistry topic frequently appears in general science sections of SSC and railway exams.

Phase change mechanismsEvaporation and temperature effectsProperties of liquidsPhysical versus chemical changesElectrolytes and heavy water

States of Matter Questions

Multiple choice chemistry hard water and soft water heavy water study of heavy water hydrogen and its compounds

The reactions of heavy water are slow. The reason is :

  1. heavy water is associated.

  2. heavy water is dissociated.

  3. heavy water is of higher mass.

  4. heavy water is of lower mass.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As Deuterium contains one extra neutron, so heavy water has higher molecular mass than water and because of that it is less reactive.

A molecule of heavy water has two deuterium atoms in place of the two protium atoms of ordinary "light" water. The weight of a heavy water molecule, however, is not substantially different from that of a normal water molecule,

Multiple choice chemistry hard water and soft water heavy water study of heavy water hydrogen and its compounds

Heavy water is not used for drinking because:

  1. it is poisonous

  2. it is costly

  3. its physiological action is different from ordinary water

  4. its chemical properties different from ordinary water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As molecular mass of heavy water is higher than water so its physiological action is different from ordinary water and because of that reason it can not be used as drinking water.

Multiple choice chemistry hard water and soft water heavy water study of heavy water hydrogen and its compounds

Which of the following are correctly matched?


$(a):D _{2}O-$ Hard water

$(b):H _{2}O-$ Heavy water

$(c):D-$ Heavy hydrogen

$(d):BaO _{2}.8H _{2}O-$ True peroxide

  1. $a, b, c, d$ are correct
  2. $c, d$ are correct
  3. $a, b, c$ are correct
  4. $a, c, d$ are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

$D _{2}O-$ Heavy water


$H _{2}O-$ Ordinary water

$D-$ Heavy hydrogen (As atomic mass of $D$ is higher than $H$)

$BaO _{2}.8H _{2}O-$ True peroxide.

Multiple choice chemistry hard water and soft water heavy water study of heavy water hydrogen and its compounds

Some statements about heavy water are given below:
$(a):$Heavy water is used as a moderator in nuclear reactions
$(b):$Heavy water is more associated than ordinary water
$(c):$Heavy water is more effective solvent than ordinary water
Select correct statements:

  1. $(a),\:(b)\:and\:(c)$
  2. $(b)\:and\:(c)$
  3. $(a)\:and\:(c)$
  4. $(a)\:and\:(b)$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Heavy water is $D _2O$, it has higher molar mass than water.
It is used in nuclear reactors, where it acts as a neutron moderator to slow down neutrons so that they are more likely to react with the fissile uranium-235 than with uranium-238, which captures neutrons without fissioning.
Also, dielectric constant of $D _2O$ is lower than water so solubility of inorganic substances is greater in$H _{2}O$ than $D _{2}O$.

Multiple choice chemistry hard water and soft water heavy water study of heavy water hydrogen and its compounds

$D _2O$ differ in the following except:

  1. freezing point

  2. density

  3. ionic product of water

  4. its reaction with sodium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The freezing point of water is $0 ^oC$, whereas the freezing point of heavy water is $3.8 ^0C$. 


At $20 ^0C$, the density of water is $0.9982$ g/mL, whereas the density of heavy water is $1.1056$ g/mL. 

Similarly, water and heavy water differ in the value of the ionic product. 

However, the chemical properties (such as reaction with sodium) of water are similar to that of heavy water due to the same electronic configuration.

Multiple choice separation of components of mixtures methods of separation elements, compounds and mixtures chemistry

A drop each of two non-corrosive and non-irritating liquids A and B at a temperature of $22^o$C are placed on the skin. Liquid 'A gives a more cooling sensation than liquid B. Which of the following can be said about the liquids A and B?

  1. Liquid A has higher boiling point than that of liquid B

  2. Liquid A has higher latent heat of vaporization than that of liquid B.

  3. Liquid A has lower latent heat of vaporization than that of liquid B.

  4. The boiling points of liquid A and B are equal.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Light A gives a more cooling sensation than liquid B means liquid A is early vaporised than liquid B. Thus, liquid A has less B P and lower latent heat of vaporisation than that of liquid B.

Multiple choice separation of components of mixtures methods of separation elements, compounds and mixtures chemistry

How would you confirm that a colourless liquid given to you is pure water?

  1. By tasting it

  2. By determining the boiling point of the liquid

  3. By its volume measurement

  4. All of the above is done to check the purity of water
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

By determining the boiling point of the liquid and comparing it with a colourless liquid, we can confirm whether it is pure water or not

Multiple choice separation of components of mixtures methods of separation elements, compounds and mixtures chemistry

Which of the following statements are true with respect to the effect of solubility with temperature?

  1. Solubility of gas in liquid increases with temperature

  2. Solubility of gas in liquid decreases with temperature

  3. Solubility of solute in solution increases with temperature

  4. Solubility of solute in solution decreases with temperature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C Correct answer
Explanation

Due to the increase in kinetic energy at higher temperature, the solvent milecules effectively break the solute molecules that are held together by intermolecular forces.

Therefore, solubility of solute in solution increases with temperature.
Also, the higher kinetic energy causes more motion in the gas molecules which break intermolecular bonds & escape from solution.
Therefore, solubility of gas decreases with temperature.

Multiple choice separation of components of mixtures methods of separation elements, compounds and mixtures chemistry

Which of the following is a type of membrane?

  1. Porous

  2. Non-porous

  3. Both a and b

  4. None of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Porous and non-porous are two types of membrane.
They work through a different mechanism.
Highly selective nonporous membranes must be very thin to achieve reasonable capacities per unit area. This limits their mechanical strength.
Porous membranes typically contain larger voids than non-porous membranes which have interconnected pores significantly larger than the molecular diameters of gases passing through them.

Multiple choice botany transpiration guttation excretion in plants long distance transport of water

Water of guttation is

  1. Pure water

  2. Water with dissolved salts

  3. Solution of organic food

  4. Condensed water vapour
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Guttation is the loss of water in solution form through hydathodes. The water lost in guttation is a dilute solution of mineral salts. The guttation occurs under the influence of positive root pressure and depends on environmental conditions. It is generally observed when atmospheric humidity is high so that rate of transpiration is low and soil is well watered. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany transpiration guttation excretion in plants long distance transport of water

Guttational drop comprises 

  1. Simple water

  2. Water and various salts dissolved in it

  3. Water and inorganic salts

  4. Water and organic cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Guttation is the loss of water in the form of droplets along the margin and tips through special structures called hydathode. The guttational drops comprise of water various salts dissolved in it. 
Thus, the correct answer is option (B).