Chemistry · Science General

States of Matter

2,682 Questions

States of matter questions explore physical changes, evaporation, phase transitions, and the properties of liquids and gases. Topics cover density, cryosurgery, heavy water, and electrolytes. This foundational chemistry topic frequently appears in general science sections of SSC and railway exams.

Phase change mechanismsEvaporation and temperature effectsProperties of liquidsPhysical versus chemical changesElectrolytes and heavy water

States of Matter Questions

Multiple choice chemistry properties of natural resources conservation of water and recycling properties of water structure and properties of water

Evaporation of water is:

  1. a process is which neither heat is evolved nor absorbed

  2. a process accompanied by chemical reaction

  3. an exothermic change

  4. an endothermic change
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Evaporation is an endothermic process because water molecules must absorb heat from the surroundings to increase their kinetic energy. For example, sweat which cools the human body as it evaporates from the skin.

Hence (D) option is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry properties of natural resources conservation of water and recycling properties of water structure and properties of water

Ice is lighter than water as

  1. Lattice aggregates occupy more space.

  2. Cold water is extremely dense.

  3. Hydrogen bonds are absent in ice.

  4. Lattice aggregates are absent in ice.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
When water freezes, water molecules form a crystalline structure maintained by hydrogen bonding. Solid water, or ice, is less dense than liquid water. Ice is less dense than water because the orientation of hydrogen bonds causes molecules to push farther apart, which lowers the density.

Multiple choice chemistry properties of natural resources conservation of water and recycling properties of water structure and properties of water

Statement 1: Ice is less dense than liquid water.
Statement 2: Water molecules are nonpolar.

  1. <p>Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.</p>

  2. <p>Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct and Statement 2 is not the correct explanation of Statement 1.</p>

  3. <p>Statement 1 is correct but Statement 2 is not correct.</p>

  4. <p>Statement 1 is not correct but Statement 2 is correct.</p>

  5. <p>Both the Statement 1 and Statement 2 are not correct. </p> <p>

    </p>
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1: Ice is less dense than liquid water.
Hence, an ice cube floats in a glass of water.
Statement 2: Water molecules are polar due to electronegativity difference between O and H atoms and non linear structure of water molecule.
Hence, statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is not correct.

Multiple choice chemistry properties of natural resources conservation of water and recycling properties of water structure and properties of water

$I$. Melting is an exothermic process.
$II$. Heat energy will cause covalent bonds in water to break as water converts from the solid state to the liquid state.

  1. Statement $I$ is true, Statement $II$ is true
  2. Statement $I$ is true, Statement $II$ is false
  3. Statement $I$ is false, Statement $II$ is true
  4. Statement $I$ is false, Statement $II$ is false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Melting is endothermic. Melting process needs energy to convert it from solid to liquid state.

Ice melts when heat energy causes the molecules to move faster, breaking of hydrogen bonds between molecules to form liquid water. In the melting process, the water molecules actually absorb energy.

Multiple choice chemistry properties of natural resources conservation of water and recycling properties of water structure and properties of water

Which one of the following statements about water is false?

  1. Ice formed by heavy water sinks in normal water

  2. Water is oxidized to oxygen during photosynthesis

  3. Water can act both as an acid and as a base

  4. There is extensive intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the condensed phase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Water possesses intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the condensed phase rather than intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Therefore statement (D) is incorrect

Multiple choice evs let's play with water law of constant proportion - i law of constant proportion law of definite proportions

Different samples of water were found to contain hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1 : 8. This shows the law of:

  1. multiple proportions

  2. constant proportions

  3. reciprocal proportions

  4. conservation of mass
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Law of Constant proportion states that a chemical compound always contains same elements combined together in the same proportion by mass.

Multiple choice evs let's play with water law of constant proportion - i law of constant proportion law of definite proportions

Any sample of pure water, irrespective of its source, contains 88.89% oxygen and 11.11 % hydrogen by mass. The data supports the:

  1. Law of conservation of mass

  2. Law of constant composition

  3. Law of multiple proportion

  4. Law of reciprocal proportion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This law states that all samples of a given chemical compound have the same elemental composition by mass e.g. oxygen makes 8/9th of the mass of pure water while hydrogen makes up the remaining 1/9th of the mass.

Multiple choice evs let's play with water law of constant proportion - i law of constant proportion law of definite proportions

Which of the following statement is incorrect for the composition of water?

  1. For water, the gravimetric or mass ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is $1:8$
  2. In water, the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is $2:1$ by volume

  3. The ratio in which hydrogen and oxygen combine gives the composition of water.

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All of the following statements are correct for the composition of water.
A
For water, the gravimetric or mass ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 1:8.
B
In water, the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is 2:1 by volume.
C
The ratio in which hydrogen and oxygen combine gives the composition of water.
Note:
$2H _2 + O _2 \rightarrow 2H _2O$
Thus, the composition of water is $H : O = 2: 1 $
It is the ratio in which hydrogen and oxygen combine. The atomic masses of H and O are 1 and 16 respectively. Hence, for water, the gravimetric or mass ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 2:16 or 1:8.
In water, the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen is 2:1
by volume. It is equal to the ratio in which hydrogen and oxygen combine.

Multiple choice evs let's play with water law of constant proportion - i law of constant proportion law of definite proportions

If water samples are taken from the sea, rivers, clouds, lakes or snow, they will be found to contain hydrogen and oxygen in the ration of $1 : 8$. This clearly demonstrates the law of ?

  1. Chemical equilibrium

  2. Definite proportions

  3. Combining volumes

  4. The relation of elements in the periodic tables
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
In chemistry, the law of definite proportion states that a given chemical compound always contains its component elements in a fixed ratio (by mass) and does not depend on its source and method of preparation. Since in all the water samples given, taken from the sea, rivers, clouds, lakes or snow, the hydrogen and oxygen ratio is constant, hence it clearly demonstrates the law of definite proportions.
Multiple choice evs let's play with water law of constant proportion - i law of constant proportion law of definite proportions

A sample of pure water, irrespective of source, contains 88.89% oxygen and 11.11% hydrogen
by mass. The data supports the:

  1. law of conservation of mass

  2. law of constant composition

  3. law of multiple proportion

  4. law of reciprocal proportion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

According to the law of constant composition in a given compound, the elements always combine in the same proportion as each other.

Water($H _{2}O$) molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms of relative mass 1 and one oxygen atom of relative mass 16. 

Therefore, the ratio in which 2 atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen are combined is $1:8$ and will always be the same irrespective of the source of water.

Therefore, the correct option is $B$

Multiple choice chemistry atoms, molecules and chemical reactions law of constant proportion - i law of constant proportion law of definite proportions
Assertion (A): Pure water obtained from different sources such as a river, well, spring, the sea always contains hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:8 by mass.

Reason (R): The total mass of reactants and products during chemical or physical change is always the same.

  1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

  2. Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation of A

  3. A is correct and R is incorrect

  4. A is incorrect and R is correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer