Chemistry · Science General

States of Matter

2,682 Questions

States of matter questions explore physical changes, evaporation, phase transitions, and the properties of liquids and gases. Topics cover density, cryosurgery, heavy water, and electrolytes. This foundational chemistry topic frequently appears in general science sections of SSC and railway exams.

Phase change mechanismsEvaporation and temperature effectsProperties of liquidsPhysical versus chemical changesElectrolytes and heavy water

States of Matter Questions

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics

The fluid used in aneroid barometer is 

  1. water

  2. mercury

  3. air

  4. alcohol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

An aneriod  barometer is made up of a vacuum chamber covered by a thin elastic disk. High atmospheric pressure pushes against the disk and causes it to bulge inward, while low pressure does not push as hard, allowing the disk to bulge outward.

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics
Fluid used in Aneroid barometer is

  1. Mercury

  2. Glycerine

  3. Kerosene

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The word 'aneroid' means dry. They are called dry because they do not use any fluid in them. They work on the bulging and compression of diaphragm.

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics

If we use water, instead of mercury, as a barometric liquid,

  1. the glass tube needs to be much longer

  2. the glass tube needs to be of same length

  3. the glass tube needs to be much shorter

  4. the glass tube needs to be narrower
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mercury is the heaviest liquid. Therefore, it rises only to a height of $76cm$ to balance the atmospheric pressure. Water, being $13.6$ times lighter than mercury, will rise to a $13.6$ times larger height. So, the glass tube needs to be much longer.

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics

 ______ is used as barometric liquid as it does not vaporise under vacuum condition.

  1. water

  2. air

  3. Mercury

  4. petrol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

True. Mercury is used as barometric liquid because it does not vaporise under vacuum condition.

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics

If two identical mercury drops are combined to form a single drop,then its temperature will

  1. decrease

  2. increase

  3. remains the same

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There will be a very small increase in temperature$.$ The surface area of the combined drop will be smaller than the original combined surface area of the two drops$.$ There is a small amount of work done by the surface tension as it pulls in the excess surface$.$ 

Since the system is adiabatic by your definition$.$ then the energy has to remain within the mercury$.$ At first$,$ the drop will jiggle around$.$ but eventually$,$ that motion will damp out to the viscosity in the mercury$.$ That will raise the temperature a very  tiny amount$.$
Hence$,$ option $(B)$ is correct$.$ 

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics
Mercury is the densest liquid known. What is the advantage of this property?

  1. It can record the true pressure.

  2. It can be easily seen while taking observation.

  3. It does not affect the barometric height.

  4. Short column of it can counter balance the atmospheric pressure.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The atmospheric pressure measured by mercury barometer is the pressure equal to that at the bottom of the mercury column given by $h\rho g$.

Due to high value of $\rho$ the same pressure can be measured for smaller value of $h$.

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics
Which of the following is not a property of mercury?

  1. It is the densest liquid known.

  2. It can be easily obtained in pure form.

  3. By using it the sides of the tube does not get wet.

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All the given properties of mercury shown are true.

Due to highest density, the same pressure can be measured using relatively shorter column of mercury.
Mercury can easily be obtained in pure form. Hence one can record the true atmospheric pressure as the pressure is directly proportional to the density of the liquid.

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics

Vapour pressure of mercury is

  1. highest among all liquids

  2. negligible

  3. infinity

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The vapor pressure of mercury is negligible. Thus the barometric height of a simple barometer or a mercury barometer is not affected.

Multiple choice various types of barometer fluids physics

Which of the following is not a reason why mercury is preferred as a barometric liquid?

  1. Mercury has high density

  2. Mercury does not wet the glass

  3. Mercury is opaque and shiny

  4. Mercury is poisonous
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

1) It has $13.5$ times higher density than water
2) It doesn't stick to the glass walls of tube like water does.

3) It is opaque and shiny

Multiple choice chemistry water drying and dehydrating agents hydrolysis of salts and the ph of their solutions chemical equilibrium and acids-bases

The loss of water of crystallization to the atmosphere by a compound is termed:

  1. deliquescence

  2. dehydration

  3. efflorescence

  4. hydrolysis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Efflorescence, spontaneous loss of water by a hydrated salt,  which occurs when the aqueous vapor pressure of the hydrate is greater than the partial pressure of the water vapour in the air. 

Multiple choice chemistry water drying and dehydrating agents hydrolysis of salts and the ph of their solutions chemical equilibrium and acids-bases
Find the substances which dissociate completely when placed into excess amounts of distilled water? 
  1. $C _2H _5OH$
  2. $HCOOH$
  3. $LiNO _3$
  4. $Mg(OH) _2$

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lithium nitrate, $\displaystyle LiNO _3$  dissociates completely when placed into excess amounts of distilled water.
It is a strong electrolyte.
$\displaystyle LiNO _3 \rightarrow Li^+  +  NO _3^-$

Multiple choice chemistry properties of natural resources conservation of water and recycling properties of water structure and properties of water

Which property of water make it easy to contaminate and difficult to purify?

  1. Water is a universal solvent

  2. Tendency to dissolve a large number of substances

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The property of water make it easy to contaminate and difficult to purify is its tendency to dissolve a large number of substances. The ocean/sea water is not fit for drinking and washing because it contains high concentration of the dissolved salts.

Multiple choice chemistry properties of natural resources conservation of water and recycling properties of water structure and properties of water

Which one of the following is not a physical property of water?

  1. Water has low specific heat capacity

  2. It expands on cooling

  3. It is odorless and tasteless
  4. The boiling point of water is $100^\circ C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Water has high specific heat capacity. The other options are physical properties of water.