Skeletal and Muscular System

There are 3 small bones present in the middle ear, namely malleus, incus and stapes.

The floor of the temporal fossa is formed by the frontal and parietal bones, the greater wing of the sphenoid and the squamous part of the temporal bones. All four bones meet on each side at an H-shaped junction of sutures termed as the pterion.

Cubital tunnel syndrome, which involves pain or abnormal sensations in the elbow area, is seen in musicians especially guitarists. The reason of the pain is nerve compression.

Synovial joints are called diarthroses with few exceptions (the temporomandibular joint and those involving the clavicles, which have intervening fibrocartilaginous discs). They occur between the ends or other defined surfaces of endochondral bones.

At the epiphyseal growth plate (physes) new bone growth occurs by the process of enchondral ossification, i.e. ossification of proliferating cartilage. This process sequentially involves proliferation and hypertrophy of chondrocytes, their calcification and vascular invasion. Replacement of red bone marrow with the white marrow is not seen.

Cartilaginous joints are themselves classified into synchondroses (primary cartilaginous joints) and symphyses (secondary cartilaginous joints). When fully formed, each group shares common features and also has distinctive structural and functional features. The terms primary and secondary are only useful in the instances of certain symphyses which, developmentally, are preceded by synchondroses within which further differentiation occurs.

A gomphosis is a peg-and-socket joint and is restricted to the fixation of teeth in their alveolar sockets in the mandible and maxillae. The collagen of the periodontium connects dental cement with alveolar bone. The fibrous connection between a tooth and its socket is a periodontal ligament. In modern, more anatomical, joint classification, the gomphosis is simply considered a fibrous joint because the tissue linking the structures is ligamentous.

Malleus is attached to the ear drum and incus is in the middle while stapes is attached to fenestra ovalis.

Tendons are dense connective tissues that connect muscles to bones, transmitting muscular contraction forces to the skeleton to produce movement. Ligaments connect bone to bone, providing joint stability. Tendons and ligaments have different structures and functions - this distinction is fundamental in musculoskeletal anatomy.

It is the largest cartilage. It is broad and C-shaped in outline, with a V-shaped notch on the superior edge. There are two small elongated club-shaped nodules of elastic fibro cartilage which lie above and anterior to corniculate cartilage.

It is correct. Our skeleton has 206 bones.

Correct. Fixed Joint: In this joint, no movement is possible between the two bones. The sutures between the bones of the cranium are an example.

It is correct. The cranium and upper jaw is an immovable joint. In this joint, no movement is possible between the two bones.

It is correct.

It is correct. Brain is an organ. Therefore it is not a part of the skeleton.