Skeletal and Muscular System

Osteology is the scientific study of bones (from Greek 'osteon' meaning bone and 'logia' meaning study). It focuses on the structure, function, and development of the skeletal system in vertebrates. Hormones (misspelled as 'harmones') are studied in endocrinology, and kidneys are the focus of nephrology.

There are 206 bones in an adult human body.

Synovial cavity or joint cavity is found in such joints.

Each half of pelvic girdle is made up of ilium, ischium and pubis.

These muscles are not attached to any bone. 

These small bones of the hand are joined together by hinge joint.

These are the bones found in the ankle and are 7 in number.

The vertebral column, or backbone, is the defining characteristic of vertebrates. It consists of individual vertebrae that protect the spinal cord.

The movement of ribs and sternum facilitates the process of breathing.  

The peritoneum is a serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity (parietal peritoneum) and covers most abdominal organs (visceral peritoneum). It produces a lubricating fluid that reduces friction between organs during digestion and movement. The peritoneal cavity is a potential space containing this fluid and is crucial for immune responses in the abdomen.

The sternum is the flat bone located in the center of the chest, commonly known as the breastbone. It connects to the ribs via cartilage and forms the front part of the rib cage, protecting vital organs like the heart and lungs. Options A, C, and D refer to other skeletal structures (jaw, skull, and nose respectively) that are distinct from the sternum.

Osteosarcoma is the most common type of malignant (cancerous) bone tumor, typically arising from bone-forming cells. It most often occurs in the long bones of adolescents and young adults. Osteosclerosis is abnormal bone hardening, osteoporosis is reduced bone density, and osteomalacia is softening of bones - none of these are cancerous.

Connective tissues are fibrous tissues. These are made up of cells separated by non-living material, which is called extracellular matrix. Connective tissue gives shape to organs and holds them in place. Both blood and bones are examples of connective tissue. As the name implies, connective tissue serves a connecting function. It supports and binds other tissues.

The vomer is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull. It is located in the midsagittal line, and articulates with the sphenoid, the ethmoid, the left and right palatine bones, and the left and right maxillary bones.

White fibrocartilage is an extremely tough tissue. The orientation of the bundles depends upon the stresses acting on the cartilage. The collagenous bundles take up a direction parallel to the cartilage. Fibrocartilage is found as discs between the vertebrae between the pubic bones in front of the pelvic girdle and around the edges of the articular cavities such as the glenoid cavity in the shoulder joint.