Science General · Biology

Biology and Science Terminology

1,492 Questions

Science terminology forms the foundation of understanding various biological and physical disciplines. This practice hub features questions on the specific study fields, names of scientific branches, and essential definitions. These questions frequently appear in general science sections of competitive exams.

Scientific study namesBiological termsEcology terminologyPhysical science termsHuman anatomy termsInformation technology terms

Biology and Science Terminology Questions

Multiple choice botany the mitotic cell cycle chromosome and its structure chromosome nucleus and chromosome

Study of _________ helps in the determination of phylogeny and taxonomy.

  1. Chromosomes

  2. Cytoplasm

  3. Nucleoplasm

  4. Sarcoplasm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chromosomes contain the genetic material that is conserved and modified over evolutionary time. By comparing chromosome structures and gene sequences, scientists can determine evolutionary relationships (phylogeny) and classify organisms (taxonomy).

Multiple choice botany classification of plants common diseases in humans epidemics transmission of diseases

The study of Fungi is called

  1. Phycology

  2. Plant pathology

  3. Systematics

  4. Mycology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fungi are a subsection of eukaryotes. Fungi are heterotrophs, which means they consume other organic products. Types of fungi include both molds and yeasts. Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans as a source for tinder, traditional medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection.

So, the correct answer is 'Mycology'

Multiple choice botany biodiversity and classification common diseases in humans epidemics transmission of diseases

Mycology (Mycetology) is a branch which deals with the study of

  1. Viruses

  2. Algae

  3. Bacteria

  4. Fungi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mycology means 'mykes' meaning mushroom and 'logos' meaning discourse.Mycology had another name mycetology and involves the study of fungi.
Humans have been using fungi for thousand of years but it was in the 19th century that fungi was studied for the invasion into plant and animal tissues.   

Multiple choice botany biodiversity and classification common diseases in humans epidemics transmission of diseases

Study of fungi is known as 

  1. Phycology

  2. Mycology

  3. Palynology

  4. Bryology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi along with their genetic and biochemical properties is called mycology. It also involves the study of their use to humans as a source of medicine and food. It combines with algae and fungi to form lichens. It also associate with root to form mycorrhiza.

Thus the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Paul Ehrlich promoted which activity in chemists?

  1. Studying the relationship between structure and metabolism.

  2. Studying the relationship between structure and reaction.

  3. Studying the relationship between structure and mechanism.

  4. Studying the relationship between structure and activity.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Paul Ehrlich promoted chemists "to study the relationship between structure and activity".
He himself worked on azo dyes, containing $-N=N-$ linkage similar to $-As=As-$ linkage in Salvarsan.

Multiple choice zoology different ecosystems eco-system and its destruction ecology and ecosystem ecology and ecosysytem

The scientists who study ecosystems are called

  1. Ecologists

  2. Economists

  3. Engineers

  4. Environmentalists
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The study of the ecosystem is called "ecology'. The scientists who study the ecosystem are called "ecologists."

Arthur Tansley, who coined the term ecosystem, is known as the first ecologist.
So the correct option is A.

Multiple choice evs the unique world of insects and animals sleeping time animal senses sense organs in animals sense organs in humans

What is otorhinolaryngology?

  1. Care of ear

  2. Study of larynx

  3. Study of ear and larynx

  4. Study of diseases of the ear, nose and throat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Otorhinolaryngology is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the conditions of the ear, nose and throat (ENT) and related structures of the head and neck. It is also called as otolaryngology. Otorhinolaryngologist treats the disease of the ear, nose, throat, base of the skull and for the surgical management of cancers and benign tumours of the head and neck. Hence, otorhinolaryngology is the study of disease of the ear, nose and throat.
  • So, the correct answer is 'study of disease of the ear, nose and throat'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

The branch which deals with the study of cell structure and function is known as

  1. Histology

  2. Ecology

  3. Morphology

  4. Cytology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cytology is the branch of science which, deals with the study of form, structure, and contents of cells as observed under the microscope. The term was coined by Hertwig in 1893. Cytology has enormous application in genetics, biomedical research etc. It is used for diagnosis and screening of various diseases. It can also be for the study of the genetic composition of a living organism.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry cell-the basic unit of life introduction to cell discovery and cell theory cell discovery cell discovery and cell theory cell as structural and functional unit

The branch of biology dealing with structures, function and reproduction of cell is

  1. Physiology

  2. Anatomy

  3. Histology

  4. Cell Biology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cell biology is a scientific study of the cells. It is concerned with the physiological properties, structure, the organelles it contains, interactions with the environment, life cycle, division and death of the cell. It is associated with the morphological and molecular level of the cell.

Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

The branch dealing with classification is

  1. Genetics

  2. Ecology

  3. Taxonomy

  4. Nomenclature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Genetics is the study of genes, its variation and heredity in organisms. Ecology is the study of the relationship of organisms with one another and with the environment. 
The branch of science dealing with classification of organisms is called as taxonomy.  
Nomenclature is a particular system of naming an individual.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Taxonomy'.
Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

The branch dealing with classification is

  1. Genetics

  2. Ecology

  3. Taxonomy

  4. Nomenclature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Classification of living organisms is covered under the branch "Taxonomy". The word taxonomy was coined by a Swiss Botanist, AP De Candolle who also devised a natural system of classification for plants. Nomenclature is the system of naming organisms scientifically following certain rules laid down by ICBN and ICZN.
So, the correct answer is, 'Taxonomy'.
Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

A person who studies the origin, evolution and variations in plants and also about the classification is referred to as 

  1. Taxonomist

  2. Zoologist

  3. Agriculturist

  4. Botanist
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • A person who studies the origin, evolution and variations in plants and also about the classification is referred as a taxonomist
  • A person who studies about the characteristics, habits and habitats of animals is referred to be as a zoologist
  • A person who studies about cultivation of crops, and their techniques is referred as an agriculturist
  • A person who studies in detail about plants is called as botanist
  • So, the correct option is 'Taxonomist'.
Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany taxonomy and systematics systematics of living world kingdom plantae plant taxonomy classification of biodiversity

Branch connected with nomenclature, identification and classification is

  1. Ecology

  2. Taxonomy

  3. Morphology

  4. Physiology
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Taxonomy is a branch of biological science involved with classifying organisms based on characteristics they share in common. Using morphological, behavioural, genetic and biochemical observations, taxonomists identify, describe and arrange species into a hierarchical system of groups.