Tag: other theories of evolution
Questions Related to other theories of evolution
Hugo de Vries' contribution is :
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Theory of Natural selection
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Theory of Mutations
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Law of Dominance
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Law of segregation
Hugo de Vries gave a theory of evolution, called 'Mutation theory' which states that evolution is a jerky process where new varieties and species are formed by mutation.
The tendency of a large population to remain in genetic equilibrium can n be disturbed by
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Presence of random mating
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Lack of gene migration
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Lack of mutations
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Presence of selective mating
Match the columns
Column I | Column II | ||
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A. | Hugo de Vries | 1. | Inheritance of acquired characters |
B. | Julian Huxley | 2. | Multiplication of individual species in geographical proportion |
C. | Jean Baptiste | 3. | Mutation theory of evolution |
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A=1, B=2, C=3
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A=2, B=3, C=1
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A=3, B=1, C=2
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A=3, B=2, C=1
The plant which made Hugo de Vries famous is
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Antirrhinum majas
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Lathyrus odoratus
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Oenothera lamarckiana
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Pisum sativum
Hugo de vries was born in Haarlem, Netherlands. He was a Professor of Botany, when he began his genetic experiments with plants in 1880. De Vries believed species evolve from other species through sudden, large changes of character traits. De Vries based this 'theory of mutation' on work he did using Oenothera lamarckiana - the evening Primrose. He observed that the original plant would occasionally have offspring with significant phenotypic differences such as leaf shape and plant sizes. Some of the offspring would pass the new 'sport (mutation) to their progeny, these de Vries designated as new species.
Mutation theory was given by
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Darwin
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Lamarck
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Leuwenhoeck
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Hugo de Vries
According to Hugo de Vres, new species are not formed by continuous variations but by sudden appearance of variations, which he named as mutations. Hugo de Vries stated that mutations are heritable and persist in successive generations. Thus, option D is correct.
De Vries gave his mutation theory on organic evolution, while working on
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Alcea rosea
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Drosophila melanogaster
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Oenothera lamarckiana
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Pisum sativum
Hugo de Vries was a Dutch botanist, one of the independent rediscoveries of Mendelism, put forward his views regarding the formation of new species in 1901. He also met some of the objections found in Darwins theory. According to him, new species are not formed by continuous variations but by sudden appearance of variations, which he named as mutations.
In a random mating population in equilibrium, which of the following brings about a change in a gene frequency in a non-directional manner?
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Mutation
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Random drift
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Selection
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Migration
In a random mating population in equilibrium, mutations bring about a change in gene frequency. Mutations are non-directional.
- mutations appear suddenly but become operational immediately
- mutations are inheritable
- do not revolve around normal characteristics of species
- same type of mutations can appear in the number of individuals of the species
The concept of sudden genetic change which breeds true in a species is represented as
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Inheritance of acquired characters
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Natural selection
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Laws of inheritence
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Mutation
The concept of sudden genetic change which breeds true in a species is represented as a mutation. Any sudden or spontaneous change in character which is inheritable is known as mutation. It is defined as the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form which may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.
Name of the scientist, who gave 'Mutation Theory'.
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Wallace
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Mathus
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Darwin
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De Vries
Mutation theory of evolution was proposed by Hugo De Vries. According to him, new species are not formed by continuous variations but by sudden appearance of variations which he named as mutations. Hugo de Vries stated that mutations are heritable and persist in successive generations. He conducted his experiments on Oenothera Lamarckiana, (evening primrose) and found several aberrant types.
Which of the following is a correct match?
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Darlington - DNA replication
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Mendel - mutation
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Morgan - father of genetics
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Hugo de Vries - Oenothera lamarckiana
The most successful post-Darwinian saltationist was Hugo de Vries. He dominated evolutionary thought during the first decade of the twentieth century. His theories, which achieved an enormous popularity, grew out of his own experimentation using evening primrose (Oenothera lamarckiana). Thus, option D is correct. 'Father of Genetics' is Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Thomas Hunt Morgan was an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist and embryologist and science author, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries elucidating the role that the chromosome plays in heredity. Cyril Dean Darlington was an English biologist, geneticist and eugenicist, who discovered the mechanics of chromosomal crossover, its role in inheritance and therefore its importance to evolution. Thus, other options are wrong.