Biology

Respiration and Gas Transport

647 Questions

Respiration and gas transport deal with the physiological mechanisms of breathing, including the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. Questions cover both aerobic and anaerobic processes, along with related phenomena like altitude sickness. This human biology topic is a staple in the science sections of competitive tests.

Oxygen and hemoglobin transportAnaerobic respiration effectsCarbon dioxide removalAltitude sickness causesBreathing rate regulation

Respiration and Gas Transport Questions

Multiple choice

In humans, the red blood cells:

  1. are secreted into the circulation as immature cells known as reticulocytes

  2. have life span of about 10 days

  3. depend on mitochondria for their ATP synthesis

  4. are formed by budding off megakaryocytes

  5. contain the respiratory pigment hemoglobin along with myoglobin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

It is the correct statement. Reticulocytes are young, anucleate red blood cells, which are released from bone marrow into the blood in increased numbers as a response to anemia.

Multiple choice

In insect's tracheal system, the transport of oxygen to the target tissue is done by

  1. fine branches of air tubes extending to almost every cell

  2. a liquid that fills the tracheal tube

  3. a specialized set of cells that produce myoglobin

  4. a specialized pigment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In insects, the tracheal system consists of a network of tubes that deliver oxygen directly to tissues via fine branches called tracheoles, which reach almost every cell.

Multiple choice respiration and excretion in animals human respiratory system evs respiration in human beings respiratory organs in humans respiration in humans

What is correct about human respiration?

  1. About $90\%$ of $CO _2$ is carried by haemoglobin as carbaminohaemoglobin

  2. Neural signals from pneumotaxic centre of pons can increase duration of inspiration

  3. Workers in grinding and store breaking industries may suffer from lung fibrosis

  4. Cigarette smoking leads to inflammation of bronchi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The pneumotaxic center in the pons regulates respiratory rhythm by sending neural signals that can reduce the duration of inspiration and increase the respiratory rate. This is a key respiratory control mechanism. Option A is incorrect because about 70% of CO₂ is transported as bicarbonate, not by hemoglobin. Option C describes silicosis, not lung fibrosis. Option D - cigarette smoking causes bronchitis, not primarily inflammation of bronchi.

Multiple choice biology organization of life

COHb' stands for

  1. Carbonmonoglobin

  2. Carboxyhemoglobin

  3. Carbonmonooxide

  4. Carbon dioxide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

COHb is the standard abbreviation for carboxyhemoglobin, which is the stable complex of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin that forms in red blood cells upon exposure to carbon monoxide.

Multiple choice biology organization of life

A condition is which the body's internal environment remains relatively constant within limits is

  1. Hematoma

  2. Homeostasis

  3. Haemopoiesis

  4. Hemostasis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Homeostasis is the tendency to resist change in order to maintain a stable, and constant internal environment. The internal environment should be contains the optimum concentration of gases, nutrients, ions, and water, has an optimal temperature, and has an optimal pressure for the health of the cells. For example, the concentration of various ions in the blood must be kept steady, along with pH and the concentration of glucose. Maintenance of homeostasis usually involves negative feedback loops. These loops act to oppose the stimulus. Its works on first, high temperature will be detected by sensors—primarily nerve cells with endings in the skin and brain—and relayed to a temperature-regulatory control center in brain. The control center will process the information and activate effectors—such as the sweat glands—whose job is to oppose the stimulus by bringing body temperature down.


Multiple choice biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers.
This results due to

  1. Conversion of pyruvate to ethanol

  2. Conversion of pyruvate to glucose

  3. Non conversion of glucose to pyruvate

  4. Conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Intracellular acidosis occurs due to lactic acid accumulation, it has been regarded as the most important cause of skeletal muscle fatigue. Lactic acid is formed and accumulated in the muscle under conditions of high energy demand, rapid fluctuations of the energy requirement and insufficient supply of oxygen. Subsequently, the pyruvate synthesised during glycolysis is converted to lactic acid in anaerobic condition. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

The respiration carried in the absence of oxygen is called

  1. Aerobic respiration

  2. Anaerobic respiration

  3. Mastication

  4. Haemoglobin respiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • In anaerobic respiration, glucose breaks down without oxygen.
  •  The chemical reaction transfers energy from glucose to the cell.
  •  Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid, rather than carbon dioxide and water. Hence, The respiration carried in the absence of oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.
So, the correct answer is 'anaerobic respiration'.

Multiple choice biology the respiratory system anaerobic respiration in organisms anaerobic and aerobic respiration cellular respiration

In anaerobic respiration

  1. O$ _{ 2 }$ is taken in.
  2. CO$ _{ 2 }$ is taken in.
  3. O$ _{ 2 }$ is given out.
  4. CO$ _{ 2 }$ is given out.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Anaerobic respiration is a type of respiration that does not use oxygen. It is used when there is not enough oxygen for aerobic respiration. 
Anaerobic respiration in some microorganisms (such as yeast) produces ethanol and carbon dioxide, as opposed to lactic acid.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice

O2 stands for?

  1. air

  2. oxygen

  3. carbon dioxide

  4. grana
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

O2 is the chemical formula for a molecule of oxygen gas.

Multiple choice production of blood cells body fluids and circulation biology

Total oxygen that can be carried by blood is?

  1. $1000-1200$ ml
  2. $2000-3000$ml
  3. $200$ml
  4. $100$ml
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The total oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is determined by the hemoglobin concentration and its binding affinity. In a healthy adult, this typically ranges between 1000 and 1200 ml when fully saturated.

Multiple choice production of blood cells body fluids and circulation biology

In normal healthy individuals , the percentage of adult and fetal haemoglobin , HbA : HbA2 : HbF is ____________.

  1. 96 :2 : 2

  2. 45 : 45 : 10

  3. 50 : 45 : 5

  4. 80 : 10 : 10
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In healthy adults, hemoglobin A (HbA) constitutes the vast majority of hemoglobin, while HbA2 and HbF are present in very small amounts. The ratio 96:2:2 is the standard physiological representation for these percentages.

Multiple choice hepatic portal system components of the circulatory system transport in animals the circulatory system biology

__________ ml of oxygen is transported per deciliter of blood under normal conditions to tissues.

  1. $a = 9.8\ ml, b = 6000\ ml$ to $8000\ ml, c = 12\ to \ 16, d = 3$
  2. $a = 5\ ml, b = 500\ ml, c = 12\ to \ 16, d = -3$
  3. $a = 5\ ml, b = 6000\ ml$ to $8000\ ml, c = 12\ to \ 16, d = 3$
  4. $a = 5\ ml, b = 6000\ ml$ to $8000\ ml, c = 18 times, d = 7$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice factors affecting respiration living organisms and energy production life processes in living organisms- part 1 respiration biology

The rate of respiration could be checked by

  1. Malonate
  2. $CO _2$

  3. Chloroform and cyanides

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Respiration in plants is the process which enables the breakdown of  simple carbohydrates, like glucose into simpler substances thereby liberating carbon dioxide and energy. The factors that effect respiration are temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, water and light. The factor that inhibits or checks the rate of respiration in the mitochondria of plants include malonate, CO$ _2$ an chloroform and cyanides.