Biology
Respiration and Gas Transport
647 Questions
Respiration and gas transport deal with the physiological mechanisms of breathing, including the role of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and the removal of carbon dioxide from the blood. Questions cover both aerobic and anaerobic processes, along with related phenomena like altitude sickness. This human biology topic is a staple in the science sections of competitive tests.
Oxygen and hemoglobin transportAnaerobic respiration effectsCarbon dioxide removalAltitude sickness causesBreathing rate regulation
Respiration and Gas Transport Questions
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homeostasis
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hemostasis
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hematoma
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hemopoiesis
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A
Correct answer
Explanation
Homeostasis is the tendency towards a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) is produced by the hypothalamus in the brain and is stored in the posterior pituitary gland at the base of the brain. In kidneys, it regulates the absorption of water in distal convoluted tubules of nephrons.
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Each chain contains one heme group each of which contains one iron ion. The iron is the site of oxygen binding. Each iron can bind one O2 molecule. Thus, each haemoglobin molecule is capable of binding a total to four O2 molecules.
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Blood transports CO2 comparatively easily because of its high solubility.
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CO2 diffuses into blood, passes into RBCs and reacts with water to form H2CO3.
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Oxyhaemoglobin of erythrocytes is basic in nature.
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Chloride ions diffuse from plasma into erythrocytes to maintain ionic balance.
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Circulation
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Photosynthesis
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Osmoregulation
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Digestion
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Photosynthesis is complementary to respiration.
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increases
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decreases
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remains unchanged
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becomes zero
A
Correct answer
Explanation
During injury and infection, rate of O2 consumption increases.
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WBCs
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RBCs
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Plasma
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Platelets
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct option is (2).
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Diffusion
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Osmosis
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Endocytosis
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Plasmolysis
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The process of movement of gases from the region of high concentration to low concentration is called diffusion. It helps in the gaseous exchange between the cell and its outer environment.
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It destroys the nucleus of the blood cells.
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It destroys the haemoglobin in the blood.
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It destroys the plasma membrane of the blood cells.
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It reacts with haemoglobin and forms sulphoxy haemoglobin.
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ratio of volume of oxygen consumed to the volume of CO2 evolved
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ratio of volume of CO2 evolved to the volume of oxygen consumed
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ratio of the amounts of products to the amounts of substrate
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none of the above
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Carbon monoxide
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Carbon dioxide
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Hydrogen peroxide
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Nitrogen dioxide
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Carbon monoxide
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Carbon dioxide
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Pure nitrogen gas
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A mixture of carbon dioxide and helium
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Carbon monoxide forms an irreversible complex with haemoglobin of blood.
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a sigmoid
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sloping
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a parabola
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a straight line
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A
Correct answer
Explanation
Oxygen dissociation curve is meant for the affinity of oxygen for haemoglobin. It relates oxygen saturation and partial pressure of oxygen in the blood (pO2). It actually explains how readily haemoglobin acquires and releases oxygen molecules from its surrounding tissue. It is sigmoid in nature.
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Carbon dioxide
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Both carbon dioxide and oxygen
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Hydrogen
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Nitrogen
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Oxygen
E
Correct answer
Explanation
Oxygen is inhaled by animals during respiration to release energy.
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Osmolality of blood is 275 to 295 milliosmoles per kg.
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Sweet taste.
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Blood pH varies from 7.35 to 7.45.
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Red colour.
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Smells like rusty iron.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Blood is salty tasty. The salt taste of blood comes from the salts, minerals and iron present in human blood. So the blood of normal persons is salty only, but it has sweet taste in some persons suffering from diabetes. As the blood of a diabetic person will contain much sugar than a normal person the blood is tasting sweety.