Biology

Respiration and Gas Exchange

958 Questions

Access a targeted set of questions on respiration and gas exchange for competitive exams. Topics include lung volumes, the mechanism of breathing, and respiratory anatomy. Understanding these physiological processes is essential for scoring well.

Lung volumes and capacitiesBreathing mechanismsRespiratory anatomyGas exchange processes

Respiration and Gas Exchange Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. The expansion of diaphragm decreases the volume of thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis. b. On an average, 1100 mL to 1200 mL volume of air remains in the lungs even after a forcible expiration. c. Humans can increase the strength of breathing with the help of additional muscles in the abdomen.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as this statement is false. The contraction of diaphragm increases the volume of thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis.

Multiple choice

Which of the following can alter the respiratory mechanism?

a. The pneumotaxic centre in the pons region of the brain b. The chemosensitive area in the medulla c. The respiratory centre in the medulla

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. The pneumotaxic centre in the pons region of the brain and the chemosensitive area in the medulla can alter the respiratory mechanism. 

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false?

a. The device that can be used to estimate the volume of air involved in breathing movements is called barometer. b. Expiration occurs if the intra-pulmonary pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure. c. The additional volume of air that a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration is called the inspiratory reserve volume.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. The device that can be used to estimate the volume of air involved in breathing movements is called spirometer. 

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
a. Tidal volume 1. It is the additional volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration.
b. Expiratory reserve volume 2. It is the volume of air expired or inspired during a normal respiration.
c. Residual volume 3. It is the volume of air remaining in the lungs even after forcible expiration.

  1. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  2. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  3. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  4. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  5. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Tidal volume is the volume of air expired or inspired during a normal respiration. Expiratory reserve volume is the additional volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration. Residual volume is the volume of air remaining in the lungs even after forcible expiration.

Multiple choice

Breathing is controlled by ___________.

  1. lungs

  2. trachea

  3. medulla

  4. intercostal muscles

  5. hypothalamus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Breathing is controlled by the lower part of the brain stem located in medulla oblongata.

Multiple choice

Faster breathing in high fever condition is due to ___________.

  1. additional requirement of oxygen for invading germs

  2. high temperature of the body

  3. mental worries of the patient

  4. loss of appetite

  5. increase in carbon dioxide concentration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Rate of respiration thus breathing increases with the increase in the temperature.

Multiple choice

During inspiration, the diaphragm ____________.

  1. relaxes and becomes dome shaped

  2. contracts and flattens

  3. expands and flattens

  4. shows no change

  5. looses its control
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This happens in inspiration to accommodate maximum amount of air in the lungs.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct regarding respiration in the fetus and newborn?

  1. The peripheral chemoreceptors are well functional in the developing embryo and in a newborn.

  2. In the newborn, complete output of the right ventricle is sent to the lungs.

  3. Deficiency of surfactant in the newborn has no effect on respiration.

  4. The first breath in a newborn is associated with numerous modulation in the intrathoracic pressure.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The newborns first breath the lungs, which were filled with fluid during pregnancy. The lungs must suddenly fill with oxygen from the air. The fluid in the lungs is removed through the blood and lymph system, and is replaced by air. At the same time, vigorous blood circulation in the lungs begins.