Biology

Respiration and Gas Exchange

989 Questions

Access a targeted set of questions on respiration and gas exchange for competitive exams. Topics include lung volumes, the mechanism of breathing, and respiratory anatomy. Understanding these physiological processes is essential for scoring well.

Lung volumes and capacitiesBreathing mechanismsRespiratory anatomyGas exchange processes

Respiration and Gas Exchange Questions

Multiple choice

In lungs, air is separated from venous blood by:

  1. squamous epithelium and tunica external of blood vessel

  2. squamous epithelium and endothelium of blood vessel

  3. transitional epithelium and tunica media of blood vessel

  4. columnar epithelium and three layered wall of blood vessel

  5. columnal epithelium and transitional epithelium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Squamous epithelium and endothelium lining of blood vessel help to separate the air from the venous blood in lungs.

Multiple choice

Match the following and choose the correct options given below.(i) Tidal volume A) 2500- 3000 ml of air ii) Inspiratory volume (B) 1000 ml of air iii) Residual volume (C) 500 ml of air iv)Vital capacity (D) 3400 - 4800 ml of air(v) Expiratory reserve volume (E) 1200 ml of air

  1. (i) - (A), (ii) - (C), (iii) - (B), (iv) - (E), (v) - (D)

  2. (i) - (B), (ii) - (A), (iii) - (E), (iv) - (D), (v) - (C)

  3. (i) - (C), (ii) - (A), (iii) - (E), (iv) - (D), (v) - (B)

  4. (i) - (D), (ii) - (E), (iii) - (B), (iv) - (C), (v) - (A)

  5. (i) - (A), (ii) - (B), (iii) - (C), (iv) - (D), (v) - (E)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tidal volume: 500 ml of air; Inspiratory reserve volume: 2500 to 3000 ml of air; Residual volume: 1200 ml of air; Vital capacity: 3400 to 4800 ml of air; Expiratory reserve volume: 1000 ml of air

Multiple choice

What is the most acute effect of smoking cessation?

  1. Shift of oxyhaemoglobin curve to the right

  2. Increased ciliary function

  3. Decreased mucous production

  4. Decreased incidence of post operative pneumonia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

One effect of nicotine is constriction of the terminal bronchioles of the lungs, which increases the resistance of airflow into and out of the lungs. Second, the irritating effects of the smoke itself cause increased fluid secretion into the bronchial tree, as well as some swelling of the epithelial linings.

Multiple choice

The diaphragm assists in

  1. excretion of water

  2. circulation of blood

  3. digestion

  4. respiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The diaphragm assists in respiration. When the scalenes and external intercostals contract while the diaphragm descends, your lungs inhale air. When your abdominal muscles contract and the diaphragm rises, you exhale.

Multiple choice

Which of the following respiratory volumes/capacities is defined as the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration?

  1. Expiratory Capacity

  2. Residual Volume

  3. Vital Capacity

  4. Total Lung Capacity

  5. Inspiratory Capacity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vital Capacity (VC): The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration. This includes ERV, TV, and IRV or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.