Biology

Respiration and Gas Exchange

958 Questions

Access a targeted set of questions on respiration and gas exchange for competitive exams. Topics include lung volumes, the mechanism of breathing, and respiratory anatomy. Understanding these physiological processes is essential for scoring well.

Lung volumes and capacitiesBreathing mechanismsRespiratory anatomyGas exchange processes

Respiration and Gas Exchange Questions

Multiple choice

What is the most acute effect of smoking cessation?

  1. Shift of oxyhaemoglobin curve to the right

  2. Increased ciliary function

  3. Decreased mucous production

  4. Decreased incidence of post operative pneumonia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

One effect of nicotine is constriction of the terminal bronchioles of the lungs, which increases the resistance of airflow into and out of the lungs. Second, the irritating effects of the smoke itself cause increased fluid secretion into the bronchial tree, as well as some swelling of the epithelial linings.

Multiple choice

The diaphragm assists in

  1. excretion of water

  2. circulation of blood

  3. digestion

  4. respiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The diaphragm assists in respiration. When the scalenes and external intercostals contract while the diaphragm descends, your lungs inhale air. When your abdominal muscles contract and the diaphragm rises, you exhale.

Multiple choice

Which of the following respiratory volumes/capacities is defined as the maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration?

  1. Expiratory Capacity

  2. Residual Volume

  3. Vital Capacity

  4. Total Lung Capacity

  5. Inspiratory Capacity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vital Capacity (VC): The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration. This includes ERV, TV, and IRV or the maximum volume of air a person can breathe out after a forced inspiration.

Multiple choice

Which part of the respiratory system is supported by cartilaginous rings to keep it distended?

  1. Nasal cavity

  2. Trachea

  3. Larynx

  4. Epiglottis

  5. Diaphragm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The trachea serves as the airway of the body providing a passage for oxygen to reach the lungs. The tube of the trachea is reinforced with strong rings made of hyaline cartilage. The main purpose of these rings is to keep the trachea open while breathing. Without the cartilage rings, the trachea would collapse in on itself during respiration due to changes in the air pressure.

Multiple choice

Respiration involves _______________.

  1. transformation of potential energy into kinetic energy

  2. breakdown of complex organic substances into simple substances

  3. liberation of energy

  4. all the above are correct

  5. all the above are false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All the above statements are true.

Multiple choice

Respiratory quotient

  1. varies according to the respiratory material

  2. is not variable

  3. same for all substances

  4. varies according to the color of respirable materials

  5. all the above are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

It is true that RQ varies with the respiratory material like proteins, carbohydrates, fats, organic acids etc.

Multiple choice

Epiglottis is an essential part of the respiratory pathway of humans as it opens during breathing and allows air into the larynx. Which of the following organisms is the common infectant of epiglottis?

  1. Streptococcus pneumoniae

  2. Klebsiella pneumoniae

  3. Haemophilus influenzae

  4. Streptococcus mutans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Haemophilus influenzae is a common infectant of epiglottis. Streptococcal pharyngitis and epiglottitis are caused by Haemophilus influenzae.