Biology

Respiration and Gas Exchange

958 Questions

Access a targeted set of questions on respiration and gas exchange for competitive exams. Topics include lung volumes, the mechanism of breathing, and respiratory anatomy. Understanding these physiological processes is essential for scoring well.

Lung volumes and capacitiesBreathing mechanismsRespiratory anatomyGas exchange processes

Respiration and Gas Exchange Questions

Multiple choice

The amount of air, which can be forcibly expired out after a normal expiration is called _________.

  1. tidal volume

  2. inspiratory reserve volume

  3. expiratory reserve volume

  4. residual volume

  5. inspiratory capacity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Expiratory reserve volume is the maximal amount of gas that can be exhaled from the resting end-expiratory level. In a deep and forceful expiration, the lungs are capable of exhaling a volume which is in excess to the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume. This is known as the expiratory reserve volume (ERV). In a healthy young adult ERV is approximately 1.3 – 1.5 litres.

Multiple choice

Which among the following statements characterises lung cancer in an individual?

  1. Screening test has been proved beneficial.

  2. More than 80% are due to smoking.

  3. In the patients of lung cancers, around 30% are large cell anaplastic.

  4. The second lung cancer is rare in an individual.

  5. Lung cancer does not produce pain in the chest.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

It is correct. 80% cases of lung cancer are due to smoking.Cigarette smoking is the most important cause of lung cancer. Cigarette smoke contains more than 5,000 chemicals, many of which are cancer causing.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false? a. The vocal cords are attached to the muscles, which change the tension in the cords and the distance between the cords. b. The lungs pass a current of air between the two vocal cords, which causes them to vibrate and make sound. c. The larynx is situated in our throat at the top of the trachea.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as all the statements are correct statements. The vocal cords are attached to the muscles, which change the tension in the cords and the distance between the cords. The lungs pass a current of air between the two vocal cords, which causes them to vibrate and make sound. The larynx is situated in our throat at the top of the trachea.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is regarded as the balance point between the inward elastic recoil of the lungs and the outward elastic recoil of the chest wall in mammals?

  1. Total lung capacity

  2. Vital capacity

  3. Inspiratory capacity

  4. Functional residual capacity

  5. Expiratory reserve volume
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It is the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal tidal expiration. It is the balance point between the inward elastic recoil of the lungs and the outward elastic recoil of the chest wall.

Multiple choice

The adenoids are present in which part of the respiratory tract?

  1. Alveolus

  2. Terminal bronchiole

  3. Respiratory bronchiole

  4. Primary bronchus

  5. Nasopharynx
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

It extends from the base of the skull to the upper surface of the soft palate. It includes the space between the internal nares and the soft palate, and lies above the oral cavity. The adenoids are lymphoid tissue structures located in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding the lungs of human beings is incorrect?

  1. The superior end of the lungs narrows to a rounded tip known as the apex.

  2. Each lung consists of several distinct lobes.

  3. Each lung receives air from numerous bronchi.

  4. Pseudostratified epithelium lines the inside of the hyaline ring.

  5. The base of the lungs is concave in shape.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Each lung receives air from a single, large primary bronchus. As the primary bronchi enter the lungs, they branch off into smaller secondary bronchi that carry air to each lobe of the lung.

Multiple choice

The symptoms of cough and breathlessness indicate _________ infection.

  1. lung

  2. brain

  3. liver

  4. kidney

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cough and breathlessness are respiratory symptoms because they affect the lungs and airways. Lung infections like pneumonia or bronchitis directly cause these symptoms as the respiratory system struggles to function properly. The brain, liver, and kidneys are not involved in breathing or coughing reflexes.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct about the kranz anatomy?

  1. ‘Kranz’ means ‘breath’

  2. The bundle sheath cells form a single layer around the vascular bundles.

  3. The bundle sheath cells have no intercellular spaces.

  4. The bundle sheath cells have thin walls for easy gaseous exchange.

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The bundle sheath cells have no intercellular spaces.

Multiple choice

Respiratory pathway is an amphibolic pathway. Which of the following options explain(s) it correctly?

  1. Both inhalation and exhalation are involved.

  2. Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration are involved.

  3. Both anabolic and catabolic processes are involved.

  4. Both oxygen and carbon dioxide are involved.

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is the correct answer. Amphibolic pathway means a biochemical pathway that involves both catabolism and anabolism.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statement about inhaled air and exhaled air:

  1. Exhaled air contains more carbon dioxide than inhaled air.
  2. Exhaled air is cooler than inhaled air.
  3. Inhaled air contains more moisture than exhaled air.
  4. Inhaled air contains more oxygen than exhaled air.
    Which of the above statements are correct?

  1. 1 & 2

  2. 2 & 3

  3. 3 & 4

  4. 1 & 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Inhaled air has about 21% oxygen and 0.04% carbon dioxide. During respiration, oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is released, so exhaled air contains less oxygen (about 16%) and more carbon dioxide (about 4-5%). Exhaled air is warmer (body temperature) and more humid due to moisture from respiratory surfaces, not cooler or drier.