Reading Comprehension

Of the following, which would be the best way to revise the underlined portion of sentence 8 (reproduced below)? But generalizing too soon in this regard about these industries, this is dangerous

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] The girl, educated to earn her living in the market of the world, no longer marries simply because no other career is open to her. [2] When she does marry, she is less likely than formerly, statistics tell us, to have children-the only remaining work which, in these days, definitely requires a home. [3] Girls are willing to undertake matrimony, but often with the distinct understanding that their "careers" are not to be interfered with. [4] To them, then, marriage becomes more and more an incident in life rather than a life work. [5] For the good of coming generations the true home spirit must be saved; this is a belief, we shall do well to admit at once that the old-time home was an institution suited to its own day, but that we cannot now call it back to being. [6] Nor would we wish to do so. [7] There is no possible reason for wishing our women to spin, weave, knit, bake, brew, preserve, clean, if the products she formerly made can be produced more cheaply and more efficiently outside the home. [8] But generalizing too soon in this regard about these industries, this is dangerous. [9] At least, the factory method has not yet brought really satisfactory results, there are doubts in this directions. [10] How many women can give you reasons why they believe that it no longer "pays" to do this or that at home as they once did and do the factories always turn out as good a product as the housekeeper? [11] If they do, does the housekeeper obtain that product with as little expenditure as when she made it? [12] If she spends more, can she show that the leisure she has thus bought has been a wise purchase? [13] Is she justified in accepting vague generalizations to the effect that it is better economy to buy than to make, or should she test for herself, checking up her individual conditions and results?

Which of the following is the best way to improve sentence 7?

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] The girl, educated to earn her living in the market of the world, no longer marries simply because no other career is open to her. [2] When she does marry, she is less likely than formerly, statistics tell us, to have children-the only remaining work which, in these days, definitely requires a home. [3] Girls are willing to undertake matrimony, but often with the distinct understanding that their "careers" are not to be interfered with. [4] To them, then, marriage becomes more and more an incident in life rather than a life work. [5] For the good of coming generations the true home spirit must be saved; this is a belief, we shall do well to admit at once that the old-time home was an institution suited to its own day, but that we cannot now call it back to being. [6] Nor would we wish to do so. [7] There is no possible reason for wishing our women to spin, weave, knit, bake, brew, preserve, clean, if the products she formerly made can be produced more cheaply and more efficiently outside the home. [8] But generalizing too soon in this regard about these industries, this is dangerous. [9] At least, the factory method has not yet brought really satisfactory results, there are doubts in this directions. [10] How many women can give you reasons why they believe that it no longer "pays" to do this or that at home as they once did and do the factories always turn out as good a product as the housekeeper? [11] If they do, does the housekeeper obtain that product with as little expenditure as when she made it? [12] If she spends more, can she show that the leisure she has thus bought has been a wise purchase? [13] Is she justified in accepting vague generalizations to the effect that it is better economy to buy than to make, or should she test for herself, checking up her individual conditions and results?

Which of the following, if placed after sentence 13, would be the most effective concluding sentence for the last paragraph?

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] The girl, educated to earn her living in the market of the world, no longer marries simply because no other career is open to her. [2] When she does marry, she is less likely than formerly, statistics tell us, to have children-the only remaining work which, in these days, definitely requires a home. [3] Girls are willing to undertake matrimony, but often with the distinct understanding that their "careers" are not to be interfered with. [4] To them, then, marriage becomes more and more an incident in life rather than a life work. [5] For the good of coming generations the true home spirit must be saved; this is a belief, we shall do well to admit at once that the old-time home was an institution suited to its own day, but that we cannot now call it back to being. [6] Nor would we wish to do so. [7] There is no possible reason for wishing our women to spin, weave, knit, bake, brew, preserve, clean, if the products she formerly made can be produced more cheaply and more efficiently outside the home. [8] But generalizing too soon in this regard about these industries, this is dangerous. [9] At least, the factory method has not yet brought really satisfactory results, there are doubts in this directions. [10] How many women can give you reasons why they believe that it no longer "pays" to do this or that at home as they once did and do the factories always turn out as good a product as the housekeeper? [11] If they do, does the housekeeper obtain that product with as little expenditure as when she made it? [12] If she spends more, can she show that the leisure she has thus bought has been a wise purchase? [13] Is she justified in accepting vague generalizations to the effect that it is better economy to buy than to make, or should she test for herself, checking up her individual conditions and results?

In context, which of the following is the best way to rephrase sentence 9 (reproduced below)?

Directions: The following passage is an early draft of an essay. Some parts of the passage need to be rewritten. Read the passage and select the best answer for the question that follows. Keep in mind that some questions are about particular sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to improve sentence structure or word choice. Other questions ask to consider organization and development. In choosing the answer, follow the requirements of standard written English.

[1] The girl, educated to earn her living in the market of the world, no longer marries simply because no other career is open to her. [2] When she does marry, she is less likely than formerly, statistics tell us, to have children-the only remaining work which, in these days, definitely requires a home. [3] Girls are willing to undertake matrimony, but often with the distinct understanding that their "careers" are not to be interfered with. [4] To them, then, marriage becomes more and more an incident in life rather than a life work. [5] For the good of coming generations the true home spirit must be saved; this is a belief, we shall do well to admit at once that the old-time home was an institution suited to its own day, but that we cannot now call it back to being. [6] Nor would we wish to do so. [7] There is no possible reason for wishing our women to spin, weave, knit, bake, brew, preserve, clean, if the products she formerly made can be produced more cheaply and more efficiently outside the home. [8] But generalizing too soon in this regard about these industries, this is dangerous. [9] At least, the factory method has not yet brought really satisfactory results, there are doubts in this directions. [10] How many women can give you reasons why they believe that it no longer "pays" to do this or that at home as they once did and do the factories always turn out as good a product as the housekeeper? [11] If they do, does the housekeeper obtain that product with as little expenditure as when she made it? [12] If she spends more, can she show that the leisure she has thus bought has been a wise purchase? [13] Is she justified in accepting vague generalizations to the effect that it is better economy to buy than to make, or should she test for herself, checking up her individual conditions and results?

According to the 2^nd passage, singing is

Answer this question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            In no other form of expression do art and
            nature seem so closely identified as in the
            art of singing. A perfect voice speaks so
            directly to the soul of the hearer that all
(5)        appearance of artfully prepared effect is
            absent. Every tone sung by a consummate
            vocal artist seems to be poured forth freely
            and spontaneously. There is no evidence of
            calculation, of carefully directed effort, of
(10)      attention to the workings of the voice, in the
            tones of a perfect singer. Yet if the accepted
            idea of Voice Culture is correct, this semblance
            of spontaneity in the use of the voice can result
            only from careful and incessant attention to
(15)      mechanical rules. That the voice must be
            managed or handled in some way neither
            spontaneous nor instinctive, is the settled
            conviction of almost every authority on the
            subject. All authorities believe also that this
(20)      manner of handling the voice must be acquired
            by every student of singing, in the course of
            carefully directed study.
            This training in the use of the voice is the
            most important feature of education in
(25)      singing. Voice Culture embraces a peculiar
            and distinct problem, that of the correct
            management of the vocal organs. Vocal
            training has indeed come to be considered
            synonymous with training in the correct use
(30)      of the voice. Every method of instruction
            in singing must contain as its most important
            element some means for dealing with the
            problem of tone-production.
            No complete and satisfactory solution of
(35)      this problem has ever been found. Of this
            fact every one acquainted with the practical
            side of Voice Culture must be well aware.
            It is advisable to define precisely what is
            meant by the problem of tone-production.
(40)      In theory the question may be stated very
            simply. It is generally believed throughout
            the vocal profession that the voice has one
            correct mode of action, different from a wide
            variety of incorrect actions of which it is
(45)      capable;—that this mode of action, though
            ordained by Nature, is not in the usual sense
            natural or instinctive;—that the correct vocal
            action must be acquired, through a definite
            understanding and conscious management
(50)      of the muscular movements involved. The
            theoretical problem therefore is: What is the
             correct vocal action, and how can it be
            acquired?

Passage 2
            There is only one way to sing correctly, and
            that is to sing naturally, easily, comfortably.
            The height of vocal art is to have no apparent
            method, but to be able to sing with perfect
(5)        facility from one end of the voice to the other,
            emitting all the notes clearly and yet with
            power and having each note of the scale
            sound the same in quality and tonal beauty
            as the ones before and after.
(10)      There are many methods which lead to the
            goal of natural singing — that is to say, the
            production of the voice with ease, beauty
            and with perfect control. Certainly the highest
            art and a lifetime of work and study are
(15)      necessary to acquire an easy emission of
            tone. There is a multitude of wonderful natural
            voices. But these naturally untrained voices
            soon break or fail if they are used much unless
            the singer supplements the natural, God-given
(20)      vocal gifts with a conscious understanding of
            how the vocal apparatus should be used.
            The singer must have some knowledge of
            his or her anatomical structure, particularly
            the structure of the throat, mouth and face,
(25)      with its resonant cavities, which are so
            necessary for the right production of the
            voice. Besides that, the lungs and diaphragm
            and the whole breathing apparatus must be
            understood, because the foundation of
(30)      singing is breathing and breath control.
            A singer must be able to rely on his breath,
            just as he relies upon the solidity of the
            ground beneath his feet. A shaky, uncontrolled
            breath is like a rickety foundation on which
(35)      nothing can be built, and until that foundation
            has been developed and strengthened the
            would-be singer need expect no satisfactory
            results.
            In order to insure proper breathing capacity
(40)      it is understood that the clothing must be
            absolutely loose around the chest and also
            across the lower part of the back, for one
            should breathe with the back of the lungs as
            well as with the front. A singer should stand
(45)      freely and easily and should feel as if the
            chest were leading, but should not feel
            constrained or stiff in any part of the ribs or lungs.

Parental orders are given too frequently to children till they reach the age of two to ensure that

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

By the time a child has reached the age of two years, the psychologist says that he is 'self-conscious'. This is not the same as the lay use of the term, although there is a connection. The psychologist means that the child is aware that he is a self and not an extension of his mother. This awareness is shown in such behavioural acts as disobedience and the use of the word 'no' with emphasis, because the child is aware that he does not have to obey parental commands. Parental commands (moral imperatives) are given throughout these two years first for the child's own safety, e.g. ‘don’t touch the fire' and secondly, so that he begins to develop some sense of right and wrong. An adult is able to weigh the consequences of his actions partly because he has developed a concept or idea of time. The young child lacks this concept and is governed by immediate desires which must be fulfilled. Thus, in some situations, he can be excused for not behaving morally, i.e. making the choice which is 'good' for himself and others. In other situation, he knows what is right and chooses not to do it. Immature adults can also behave in this self centred way.

A two year old child begins to refuse orders

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

By the time a child has reached the age of two years, the psychologist says that he is 'self-conscious'. This is not the same as the lay use of the term, although there is a connection. The psychologist means that the child is aware that he is a self and not an extension of his mother. This awareness is shown in such behavioural acts as disobedience and the use of the word 'no' with emphasis, because the child is aware that he does not have to obey parental commands. Parental commands (moral imperatives) are given throughout these two years first for the child's own safety, e.g. ‘don’t touch the fire' and secondly, so that he begins to develop some sense of right and wrong. An adult is able to weigh the consequences of his actions partly because he has developed a concept or idea of time. The young child lacks this concept and is governed by immediate desires which must be fulfilled. Thus, in some situations, he can be excused for not behaving morally, i.e. making the choice which is 'good' for himself and others. In other situation, he knows what is right and chooses not to do it. Immature adults can also behave in this self centred way.

What is the contextual meaning of the word 'morally' in the passage?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

By the time a child has reached the age of two years, the psychologist says that he is 'self-conscious'. This is not the same as the lay use of the term, although there is a connection. The psychologist means that the child is aware that he is a self and not an extension of his mother. This awareness is shown in such behavioural acts as disobedience and the use of the word 'no' with emphasis, because the child is aware that he does not have to obey parental commands. Parental commands (moral imperatives) are given throughout these two years first for the child's own safety, e.g. ‘don’t touch the fire' and secondly, so that he begins to develop some sense of right and wrong. An adult is able to weigh the consequences of his actions partly because he has developed a concept or idea of time. The young child lacks this concept and is governed by immediate desires which must be fulfilled. Thus, in some situations, he can be excused for not behaving morally, i.e. making the choice which is 'good' for himself and others. In other situation, he knows what is right and chooses not to do it. Immature adults can also behave in this self centred way.

What kind of awareness does a two year old child demonstrate?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

By the time a child has reached the age of two years, the psychologist says that he is 'self-conscious'. This is not the same as the lay use of the term, although there is a connection. The psychologist means that the child is aware that he is a self and not an extension of his mother. This awareness is shown in such behavioural acts as disobedience and the use of the word 'no' with emphasis, because the child is aware that he does not have to obey parental commands. Parental commands (moral imperatives) are given throughout these two years first for the child's own safety, e.g. ‘don’t touch the fire' and secondly, so that he begins to develop some sense of right and wrong. An adult is able to weigh the consequences of his actions partly because he has developed a concept or idea of time. The young child lacks this concept and is governed by immediate desires which must be fulfilled. Thus, in some situations, he can be excused for not behaving morally, i.e. making the choice which is 'good' for himself and others. In other situation, he knows what is right and chooses not to do it. Immature adults can also behave in this self centred way.

An immature adult is like a child because

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

By the time a child has reached the age of two years, the psychologist says that he is 'self-conscious'. This is not the same as the lay use of the term, although there is a connection. The psychologist means that the child is aware that he is a self and not an extension of his mother. This awareness is shown in such behavioural acts as disobedience and the use of the word 'no' with emphasis, because the child is aware that he does not have to obey parental commands. Parental commands (moral imperatives) are given throughout these two years first for the child's own safety, e.g. ‘don’t touch the fire' and secondly, so that he begins to develop some sense of right and wrong. An adult is able to weigh the consequences of his actions partly because he has developed a concept or idea of time. The young child lacks this concept and is governed by immediate desires which must be fulfilled. Thus, in some situations, he can be excused for not behaving morally, i.e. making the choice which is 'good' for himself and others. In other situation, he knows what is right and chooses not to do it. Immature adults can also behave in this self centred way.

The author fears that fossil fuels will be exhausted in the near future because

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

From the figures provided in the passage, one can conclude that the world energy consumption in the first half of the twentieth century

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

The author warns that industrial and agricultural production would fall in the absence of

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

The word 'plummet' in the passage means

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below:

The expression 'present trends' in the passage points towards

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question given below: