Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A retailer marked up the price of a smartwatch by 40% and gave a discount of m%. He then made a profit of (m – 8)%. If the cost price of a headphone is Rs. 250 and he gains a profit of 1.8m%, what is the selling price (in rupees) of the headphone?

  1. 340

  2. 380

  3. 430

  4. 480

  5. 570
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Marked price = 140. Selling price = 140(1 - m/100). Profit = SP - CP = 40 - 1.4m. Given profit = m - 8, so 40 - 1.4m = m - 8, which gives 2.4m = 48, so m = 20. For the headphone, CP = 250 and profit = 1.8m% = 36%. SP = 250 * 1.36 = 340.

Multiple choice

The price of a handmade wall clock was set to ensure a 25% profit. If the clock had cost 25% less and had been sold for Rs. 6 less, the resulting profit would have been 50%. What was the original selling price, in rupees, of the wall clock?

  1. Rs. 40

  2. Rs. 42

  3. Rs. 48

  4. Rs. 60

  5. a
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original SP = 1.25x. New CP = 0.75x. New SP = 1.25x - 6. Profit = 50% means 1.25x - 6 = 1.5 * 0.75x = 1.125x. Then 0.125x = 6, so x = 48. Original SP = 1.25 * 48 = 60.

Multiple choice

In a game, a participant pays Rs. 20 to roll a dice. If he gets a prime number, he wins Rs. 30, if he gets a composite number, he loses his money, and if he gets neither a prime nor a composite number, he wins Rs. 50. What is his average profit percentage?

  1. 10%

  2. 16.66%

  3. 20%

  4. 25%

  5. 33.33%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Prime numbers on a die are 2, 3, 5 (3 outcomes). Composite numbers are 4, 6 (2 outcomes). Neither is 1 (1 outcome). Expected value = (3/6 * 30) + (2/6 * -20) + (1/6 * 50) - 20 = 15 - 6.66 + 8.33 - 20 = -3.33. The profit percentage is calculated on the investment of 20, resulting in 16.66% profit.

Multiple choice

Cost price of article A is Rs. 200 more than the cost price of article B. Article A was sold at 10% loss and article B was sold at 25% profit. If the overall profit earned after selling both the articles is 4%, then what is the cost price of article B?

  1. Rs. 300

  2. Rs. 400

  3. Rs. 450

  4. Rs. 500
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost price of B be x, making the cost price of A equal to x + 200. Setting up the equation for total selling price, we get 0.9(x + 200) + 1.25x = 1.04(2x + 200). Solving this equation yields x = 400, which is the cost price of article B.

Multiple choice

Two musical instruments were purchased for Rs. 8,000. The first was sold at a profit of 40% and the second at a loss of 40%. If the sale price was the same in both cases, then the cost price of the cheaper instrument (in Rs.) was:

  1. 2500

  2. 2400

  3. 2200

  4. 2000

  5. 2300
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP1 and CP2 be costs. SP1 = 1.4 * CP1, SP2 = 0.6 * CP2. Given 1.4 * CP1 = 0.6 * CP2, so CP2 = (1.4/0.6) * CP1 = (7/3) * CP1. CP1 + CP2 = 8000 => CP1 + (7/3)CP1 = 8000 => (10/3)CP1 = 8000 => CP1 = 2400. CP2 = 5600. Cheaper is 2400.

Multiple choice

A publishing company spends \$12 to print each book. The books are sold through an online retailer that charges the company a handling fee equal to 15% of the sales price of each book. The company's profit for each book is the sales price minus the printing cost and the handling fee. If the sales price of each book is \$40, which equation can be used to find the number of books, b, the company must sell to make a profit of $11,900?

  1. (40(1 − 0.15) − 12)b = 11,900

  2. (40 − 12)(1 − 0.15)b = 11,900

  3. 0.85(40) − 12b = 11,900

  4. (0.15(40) + 12)b = 11,900
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Profit per book = Sales Price - Printing Cost - Handling Fee. Handling fee = 0.15 * 40 = 6. Profit = 40 - 12 - 0.15 * 40 = 40(1 - 0.15) - 12. For b books, total profit is (40(1 - 0.15) - 12) * b = 11,900.

Multiple choice

A man purchased 20 dozens of pencils at the rate of Rs. 240 per dozen. Two-thirds of the pencils were sold at the rate of Rs. 25 each, and the rest of the pencils sold at Rs. 22 each. What is the average percentage of profit?

  1. 20%

  2. 10%

  3. 15%

  4. 55%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Total pencils = 20 * 12 = 240. Cost = 240 * 240 = 57600. Two-thirds (160) sold at 25 = 4000. Remaining (80) sold at 22 = 1760. Total revenue = 5760. This question has a unit mismatch (Rs 240 per dozen vs Rs 25/22 per piece). Assuming the cost is 240 per dozen (20 per piece), cost = 4800, revenue = 5760. Profit = 960. Profit % = 960/4800 = 20%.

Multiple choice

A man planned to sell an article at 20% profit, but mistakenly sold it at a 10% loss, which means he sold it for ₹27 less than the intended price. What is the smallest 3-digit number possible that can be made whose sum of the digits is equal to the sum of the digits of the cost price?

  1. 117

  2. 126

  3. 135

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be x. 1.2x - 0.9x = 27, so 0.3x = 27, x = 90. The sum of digits of 90 is 9. The smallest 3-digit number with sum of digits 9 is 108. Since 108 is not listed, 'None of the above' is correct.