Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Each of Vimla and Priya purchased a pen for the same price and each of them both marked up the prices of the pens by ₹ 95. Vimla offered a discount of ₹ 40 followed by another discount of 25%. Priya offered a discount of 25% followed by a further discount of ₹ 40. If Vimla's profit percentage is equal to the loss percentage incurred by Priya, then find the cost price (in ₹) of the pen which was bought by them.

  1. 120

  2. 136

  3. 148

  4. 145
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Marked price = x + 95. Vimla: SP = (x+95 - 40) * 0.75 = (x+55) * 0.75 = 0.75x + 41.25. Profit = 0.75x + 41.25 - x = 41.25 - 0.25x. Profit % = (41.25 - 0.25x)/x. Priya: SP = (x+95) * 0.75 - 40 = 0.75x + 71.25 - 40 = 0.75x + 31.25. Loss = x - (0.75x + 31.25) = 0.25x - 31.25. Loss % = (0.25x - 31.25)/x. Equating profit % and loss %: 41.25 - 0.25x = 0.25x - 31.25. 0.5x = 72.5, x = 145.

Multiple choice

The price of an air conditioner is marked up by a%. After giving a discount of b% on the marked price, the seller makes a profit of c% on it. If a∶b∶c=4∶2∶1 and the selling price of the air conditioner is Rs 42750, what is the cost price of the air conditioner (In Rs)?

  1. 38000

  2. 38950

  3. 37050

  4. 38475
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

a:b:c = 4k:2k:k. Markup = 4k%, Discount = 2k%, Profit = k%. SP = CP * (1 + 4k/100) * (1 - 2k/100) = CP * (1 + k/100). Solving for k with SP = 42750 leads to k=25. Thus a=100, b=50, c=25. CP = 42750 / 1.25 = 34200. Re-calculating: 42750 / 1.25 = 34200. Option A is 38000. Let's re-verify: 38000 * 2 * 0.5 = 38000. The ratios and profit logic need careful alignment.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sells chocolates in packets of five with each packet being marked at the price of four chocolates. If Abhay buys three packets of chocolates, then the shopkeeper gives him one chocolate for free. What is the overall discount offered by the shopkeeper if Abhay buys three such packets?

  1. 20%

  2. 25%

  3. 15%

  4. 30%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Abhay buys 3 packets. Each packet contains 5 chocolates but costs 4. Total chocolates received: (3 * 5) + 1 (free) = 16. Total cost: 3 * 4 = 12 chocolates. Discount = (16 - 12) / 16 = 4/16 = 25%.

Multiple choice

Minu purchases a pair of sunglasses at Rs. 1,000 and sells to Kanu at 20% profit. Then, Kanu sells it back to Minu at 20% loss. Finally, Minu sells the same pair of sunglasses to Tanu. If the total profit made by Minu from all her transactions is Rs. 500, then the percentage of profit made by Minu when she sold the pair of sunglasses to Tanu is

  1. 35.42%

  2. 31.25%

  3. 52%

  4. 26%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Minu buys at 1000. Sells to Kanu at 1200 (20% profit). Kanu sells back to Minu at 1200 * 0.8 = 960 (20% loss). Minu now has the item at cost 960. Total profit = 500. Profit from first sale = 200. Profit needed from second sale = 300. Selling price to Tanu = 960 + 300 = 1260. Profit % = (300/960) * 100 = 31.25%.

Multiple choice

A fruit vendor used a faulty balance both while buying fruits from the wholesaler as well as while selling them to the customers. While buying from the wholesaler, he took 10% more by weight, whereas while selling to the customers he gave them 20% less by weight. If he professed to sell fruit at the cost price find his overall profit percent realised.

  1. 30%

  2. 32%

  3. 32.5%

  4. 37.5%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100 per unit. He buys 110 units for 100, so effective cost = 100/110 per unit. He sells 80 units for the price of 100, so effective revenue = 100/80 per unit. Profit = (100/80 - 100/110) / (100/110) = (110/80 - 1) = 30/80 = 37.5%.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper, selling rice, cheated the wholesale dealer by paying 4% less and the customer by providing him with 4% less rice by using faulty weights. But, he had incurred a transportation cost of ₹0.18 per kg while shifting the rice sacks to his shop from the wholesale dealer's warehouse. While selling, he charged 8% more from the customer, than the cost price of rice and added 6⅔% more than the transportation charges with the selling price. Which of the following gives his overall profit percentage, to the nearest integer?

  1. 12%

  2. 14%

  3. 16%

  4. 18%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice

Ramesh had 180 toys in his shop all of which he bought at the same price. On a particular day, he could sell 20% of the toys at a profit of 20% and 30% of the toys at a profit of 30%. What is the maximum percent of loss he could in on the remaining toys so that he doesn't incur a loss overall?

  1. 26

  2. 28

  3. 25

  4. 22
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The first two groups produce revenue equal to 36 x 1.2 + 54 x 1.3 = 113.4 cost units. The remaining 90 toys can produce 66.6 units without an overall loss, which is 74% of their cost, so the maximum loss is 26%.

Multiple choice

Ravi went to a wholesale dealer to buy boxes of chocolates where he found that each box containing 10 chocolates was listed at the price of 9 chocolates. Added to that, upon buying 15 such boxes, one additional box of chocolates was given free of cost. Ravi buys the 16 boxes of chocolates and sells each of them at the actual list price. Find the percentage of profit made by Ravi in the bargain.

  1. 167/9%

  2. 1514/27%

  3. 177/9%

  4. 1814/27%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ravi pays for 15 boxes but receives 16. Each box contains 10 chocolates but costs the price of 9. Total cost for 16 boxes = 15 * 9 = 135 units. Total revenue from selling 16 boxes * 10 chocolates = 160 units. Profit % = ((160-135)/135) * 100 = (25/135) * 100 = 500/27 = 18 14/27%.

Multiple choice

A goldsmith bought a large solid golden ball at INR 10,00,000 and melted it to make a certain number of solid spherical beads such that the radius of each bead was one-fifth of the radius of the original ball. Assume that the cost of making golden beads is negligible. If the goldsmith sold all the beads at 20% discount on the listed price and made a total profit of 20%, then the listed price of each golden bead, in INR, was

  1. 12,000

  2. 24,000

  3. 9,600

  4. 48,000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Volume of large ball = V. Volume of one bead = (1/5)^3 * V = V/125. Number of beads = 125. Total cost = 10,00,000. Profit = 20%, so total revenue = 12,00,000. Selling price per bead = 12,00,000 / 125 = 9600. Since 9600 is after 20% discount, list price = 9600 / 0.8 = 12000.

Multiple choice

Sophie buys a vintage watch for \$800 and sells it to Alex at a 25% profit. Alex then sells the watch back to Sophie at a 15% loss. Finally, Sophie sells the watch to Jordan. If Sophie ends up making a total profit of \$300 from all her transactions, what percentage profit did Sophie make when she sold the watch to Jordan?

  1. 7.45%

  2. 8.26%

  3. 9.54%

  4. 11.76%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sophie buys at 800, sells to Alex at 25% profit (1000). Alex sells back to Sophie at 15% loss (1000 * 0.85 = 850). Sophie sells to Jordan for 1100 to make 300 total profit (800 - 1000 + 850 - 1100 = -350? No, total profit = (1000-800) + (X-850) = 300, so 200 + X - 850 = 300, X = 950). Profit on 850 is 100/850 = 11.76%.

Multiple choice

The selling price of a product is fixed to ensure 30% profit. If the product had cost 25% less and had been sold for 250 rupees less, then the resulting profit would have been 40%. The original selling price, in rupees, of the product is

  1. 1000

  2. 1200

  3. 1300

  4. 1500

  5. a
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost price be x and selling price be 1.3x. The new cost price is 0.75x and the new selling price is 1.3x - 250. Given the new profit is 40%, we have (1.3x - 250) = 1.4 * (0.75x), which simplifies to 1.3x - 250 = 1.05x. Solving for x gives 0.25x = 250, so x = 1000, and the original selling price is 1.3 * 1000 = 1300.