Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is Rs. 1,500. If two successive discounts, each of x%, on the marked price are equal to a single discount of Rs. 587.40, then what will be the selling price of the article if a single discount of x% is given on the marked price?

  1. Rs. 1,025

  2. Rs. 1,155

  3. Rs. 1,170

  4. Rs. 1,200

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Successive discounts of x% are equivalent to a single discount of 587.40 on 1500. 1500 * (1 - x/100)^2 = 1500 - 587.40 = 912.60. (1 - x/100)^2 = 0.6084. 1 - x/100 = 0.78, so x = 22. Selling price with single discount of 22% = 1500 * (1 - 0.22) = 1500 * 0.78 = 1170.

Multiple choice

A Haier air conditioner, originally priced at \$585, is on sale with a 15% discount. For a particular month, there's an additional offer, allowing for further discounts on the already reduced price. The final price of the air conditioner ends up being \$398. What approximate additional discount was applied to the marked sale price?

  1. 25%

  2. 20%

  3. 15%

  4. 10%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The original price is \$585. After a 15% discount, the price is 585 * 0.85 = \$497.25. To reach $398, the additional discount is (497.25 - 398) / 497.25 = 99.25 / 497.25, which is approximately 0.1996 or 20%.

Multiple choice

A supermarket chain buys 120 cartons of juice at a bulk discount price of Rs. 10 per carton. They plan to sell each carton at a retail price of Rs. 15. During festivals, they offer a 5% discount on the retail price. What is the percentage profit the supermarket chain makes after applying the discount?

  1. 24.5%

  2. 25.4%

  3. 42.5%

  4. 52.4%

  5. 54.2%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price is 10. Retail price is 15. Discounted price is 15 * 0.95 = 14.25. Profit is 14.25 - 10 = 4.25. Percentage profit is (4.25 / 10) * 100 = 42.5%.

Multiple choice

A retailer buys an item at a wholesale price of Rs. 300 per unit. To promote sales, he offers a series of discounts: 15% on the marked price, followed by an additional 20%. If the retailer still wants to achieve a profit margin of 20% on the wholesale price after all discounts, what should be the approximate marked price to the nearest rupee?

  1. Rs. 480

  2. Rs. 500

  3. Rs. 510

  4. Rs. 530

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Wholesale price is 300, so target selling price for 20% profit is 360. Let M be the marked price. After 15% and 20% discounts, the selling price is M * 0.85 * 0.80 = 0.68M. Setting 0.68M = 360 gives M = 360 / 0.68 = 529.41, which rounds to 530.

Multiple choice

'Fashion Fever Boutique' received a shipment of 80 designer buttons, each costing Rs. 25. They marked up each button by 60%. During a seasonal sale, they offered a 25% discount. They sold 50 buttons at this discounted price and the remaining at the marked price. Determine the total profit made by the boutique.

  1. Rs. 450

  2. Rs. 525

  3. Rs. 650

  4. Rs. 700

  5. Rs. 775
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cost = 80 * 25 = 2000. Marked price = 25 * 1.6 = 40. Discounted price = 40 * 0.75 = 30. Sale: 50 buttons at 30 = 1500. Remaining 30 buttons at 40 = 1200. Total revenue = 2700. Profit = 2700 - 2000 = 700.

Multiple choice

A retailer implements a dynamic pricing strategy to sell off his 800 identical caps. The initial selling price is ₹50 per cap, while the cost price is ₹30 per cap. According to the strategy, the selling price decreases by 10% for all the caps beyond the first 500 caps for a customer who buys all 800 caps. If the retailer sells all the caps to a customer, calculate the overall profit.

  1. ₹15,370

  2. ₹12,400

  3. ₹14,500

  4. ₹15,620

  5. ₹17,540
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The first 500 caps are sold at Rs 50 (profit Rs 20 each), totaling 500 * 20 = 10,000. The remaining 300 caps are sold at a 10% discount on the price, which is 50 * 0.9 = 45. The profit on these is (45 - 30) = 15 each, totaling 300 * 15 = 4,500. Total profit is 10,000 + 4,500 = 14,500.

Multiple choice

A merchant uses a weight that is 8% less than the actual weight. If he sells the goods at 15% above the cost price, what is his actual profit percentage?

  1. 21%

  2. 23%

  3. 25%

  4. 27%

  5. 29%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let actual weight be 1000g, cost = 1000. Merchant uses 920g (8% less). Selling price for 1000g worth of goods (at 15% profit) = 1150. But he only gives 920g. Cost of 920g = 920. Profit = 1150 - 920 = 230. Profit % = (230/920) * 100 = 25%.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper buys 120 smartphones at a cost of \$200 each and marks them for sale at \$250 each. The sale starts on January 1. To boost sales, the shopkeeper offers a 10% discount on the marked price. However, 15 smartphones are found to be defective and sold at half of the marked price after the sale ends. What is the shopkeeper's total profit?
  1. $3,000
  2. $2,500
  3. $2,000
  4. $1,500
  5. $1,000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price is 120 * 200 = 24,000. 105 phones sold at 250 * 0.9 = 225 each (23,625). 15 phones sold at 125 each (1,875). Total revenue = 25,500. Profit = 25,500 - 24,000 = 1,500.

Multiple choice

James purchased an antique clock for \$450 and spent an additional \$150 on repairs. Afterward, he sold the clock for a 20% profit over the total cost (the sum of the purchase price and the repair cost). Quantity A The selling price of the antique clock Quantity B $840

  1. Quantity A is greater.

  2. Quantity B is greater.

  3. The two quantities are equal.

  4. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = 450 + 150 = 600. Selling price = 600 * 1.20 = 720. Quantity A = 720, Quantity B = 840. Quantity B is greater.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sells two tables, eachprocured at cost price p, to Asif and Arif ata profit of 20% and at a loss of 20%,respectivelyAsif sells his table to Adil at a profit of30%, while Arif sells his table to Alif at aloss of 30%. If the amounts paid by Adiland Alif are x and y, respectively, then (x -y) / p equals to:

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 1.4

  5. 3.7
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Asif's cost = p, sells at 20% profit = 1.2p. Adil buys at 1.2p, sells at 30% profit = 1.2p * 1.3 = 1.56p. Arif's cost = p, sells at 20% loss = 0.8p. Alif buys at 0.8p, sells at 30% loss = 0.8p * 0.7 = 0.56p. x = 1.56p, y = 0.56p. (x-y)/p = (1.56p - 0.56p)/p = 1.