Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sells Jowar at a price 22.22% higher than what he buys it for. However, on the purchase of 10 kg or more, he offers a kg of Jowar free, and on the purchase of 20 kg or more, he offers 2 kg of Jowar free. On a particular day, he has 6 customers who purchase 8 kg, 14 kg,15 kg, 9 kg, 25 kg, and 46 kg. Find the percentage profit earned by the shopkeeper on that day.

  1. 16%

  2. 18%

  3. 14%

  4. 22%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Selling price is 1.2222 * Cost. Let cost of 1kg be 1. Total cost for 6 customers: 8+14+15+9+25+46 = 117kg. Total revenue: 8*1.2222 + 13*1.2222 + 14*1.2222 + 9*1.2222 + 23*1.2222 + 44*1.2222 = (8+13+14+9+23+44) * 1.2222 = 111 * 1.2222 = 135.66. Profit = (135.66 - 117) / 117 = 18.66 / 117 = 0.159... approx 16%.

Multiple choice

A bought an article for Rs. 5400 and sold it at a loss of 30%. With this amount, he bought another article and sold it at a gain of 60%. What was his overall percentage gain or percentage loss?

  1. Gain, 1.2%

  2. Gain, 12%

  3. Loss, 12%

  4. Loss, 1.2%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Initial amount = 5400. After 30% loss, remaining = 5400 * 0.7 = 3780. After 60% gain, final = 3780 * 1.6 = 6048. Total gain = 6048 - 5400 = 648. Percentage gain = (648/5400) * 100 = 12%.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sells two tables, each procured at cost price p, to Amal and Asim at a profit of 20% and at a loss of 20%, respectively. Amal sells his table to Bimal at a profit of 30%, while Asim sells his table to Barun at a loss of 30%. If the amounts paid by Bimal and Barun are x and y, respectively, then (x - y)/p equals

  1. 1.2

  2. 1

  3. 0.7

  4. 0.50
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Amal buys at p and sells at 1.2p to Bimal, so x = 1.2p * 1.3 = 1.56p. Asim buys at p and sells at 0.8p to Barun, so y = 0.8p * 0.7 = 0.56p. Then (x - y)/p = (1.56p - 0.56p)/p = 1.

Multiple choice

Directions: Solve the following question and mark the best possible option. If a seller gives a discount of 15% on retail price, she still makes a profit of 2%. Which of the following ensures that she makes a profit of 20%?

  1. Give a discount of 5% on retail price

  2. Give a discount of 2% on retail price

  3. Increase the retail price by 2%

  4. Sell at retail price
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Selling at 15% discount on retail price (RP) gives 2% profit, so 0.85 * RP = 102, RP = 120. To get 20% profit, SP must be 120. Since RP = 120, selling at retail price gives 20% profit.

Multiple choice

Directions: Solve the following question and mark the best possible option. If Fatima sells 60 identical toys at a 40% discount on the printed price, then she makes 20% profit. Ten of these toys are destroyed in fire. While selling the rest, how much discount should be given on the printed price so that she can make the same amount of profit?

  1. 30%

  2. 25%

  3. 24%

  4. 28%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be cost price and MP be marked price. Selling 60 toys at 0.6MP gives 1.2CP. So 0.6MP = 1.2CP/60 = 0.02CP. MP = 0.0333CP. After 10 toys are destroyed, 50 toys remain. To make the same profit (0.2 * 60 * CP_per_toy), she needs total revenue of 1.2 * 60 * CP_per_toy = 72 * CP_per_toy. Revenue per toy = 72/50 = 1.44 * CP_per_toy. Discount = (MP - SP)/MP = (0.0333 - 0.024)/0.0333 = 28%.

Multiple choice

An article is sold at 25% profit such that the sum of thecost price and selling price of the article is Rs. 4050. Find theprofit percentage if the cost price and selling price each hadbeen Rs. 600 less.

  1. 36.5%

  2. 42.5%

  3. 32.5%

  4. 37.5%

  5. 40.5%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x and SP = 1.25x. Given x + 1.25x = 4050, so 2.25x = 4050, x = 1800. CP = 1800, SP = 2250. New CP = 1200, New SP = 1650. Profit = 450. Profit % = (450/1200) * 100 = 37.5%.

Multiple choice

Raghu sold an article for Rs. 180 after allowing a 20% discount on its marked price. Had he not allowed any discount, he would have gained 20%. What is the cost price of the article?

  1. Rs. 190.40

  2. Rs. 192.80

  3. Rs. 188.60

  4. Rs. 187.50
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The marked price (MP) of the article can be found from the selling price after a 20% discount: MP * 0.8 = 180, which gives MP = Rs. 225. If sold at the marked price with no discount, the profit is 20%, meaning 1.2 * CP = 225. Solving for the cost price gives CP = 225 / 1.2 = Rs. 187.50.