Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A manufacturer sells a product to a wholeseller at 10% profit. Then the wholeseller sells it to the dealer and the dealer to the retailer at the margin of 25% each. The retailer marks up the price by 20% and then offers a 15% discount to the customer. Had the customer bought it from the manufacturer directly (the manufacture would still keep his 10% profit), what would have been approximate percentage reduction in price at which he bought the product from manufacturer compare to the price at which he bought the product from the retailer?

  1. 21.56%

  2. 33.45%

  3. 25.72%

  4. 37.25%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost price for the manufacturer be 100. Following the chain of transactions, the selling price to the customer from the retailer is 100 * 1.10 * 1.25 * 1.25 * 1.20 * 0.85 = 175.3125. If bought directly from the manufacturer, the price would be 110. The percentage reduction is ((175.3125 - 110) / 175.3125) * 100 = 37.25%.

Multiple choice

A dishonest dealer sells goods to a customer at a price which is 6.25% less than the cost price. However he cheats the customer by using a weight of 14g instead of 16g. What is the percentage of his profit/loss?

  1. 8.12% profit

  2. 8.12% loss

  3. 7.14% profit

  4. 7.14% loss

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of 16g be 16. Selling price of 16g is 6.25% less than cost, so SP = 16 * (1 - 0.0625) = 15. The dealer uses 14g instead of 16g, so the cost of 14g is 14. Profit = SP - CP = 15 - 14 = 1. Profit % = (1/14) * 100 = 7.14%.

Multiple choice

A merchant marks up the cost of cloth by 30% and then gives a discount of 20% on the marked price to all his customers. What is his profit/loss percentage in winter when the meter-scale shrinks by 10% due to cold?

  1. 15.56% loss

  2. 16.67% loss

  3. 16.67% profit

  4. 15.56% profit

  5. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of 1m be 100. Marked price = 130. Selling price after 20% discount = 130 * 0.8 = 104. Due to 10% shrinkage, the merchant gives 0.9m for the price of 1m. The cost of 0.9m is 90. Profit = 104 - 90 = 14. Profit % = (14/90) * 100 = 15.555%.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sells an item at the price which fetches him a profit of 25%. If after the discount to the members of the shop, he gains a profit of 12.5%. What is the discount percentage offered to the members?

  1. 8.25

  2. 16.67

  3. 12.5

  4. 10

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost price be 100. The marked price is 125. After discount d, the selling price is 125 * (1 - d/100). The profit is 12.5%, so the selling price is 112.5. 125 * (1 - d/100) = 112.5 implies 1 - d/100 = 0.9, so d = 10%.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper offered two successive discounts of 30% and 20% on the purchase of a shirt to Raj and a one-time discount of 50% on the purchase of the same shirt to Sahil. If the marked price of the shirt was Rs. 1500, then what was the absolute difference between the amounts paid by Raj and Sahil for purchasing the shirt?

  1. 75

  2. 90

  3. 50

  4. 110

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Raj's price: 1500 * 0.7 * 0.8 = 840. Sahil's price: 1500 * 0.5 = 750. Difference = 840 - 750 = 90.

Multiple choice

Sambhu buys rice at Rs 10/kg and puts a price tag on it so as to earn a profit of 20%. However, his faulty balance shows 1000 gm when it is actually 800 gm. What is his actual gain percentage?

  1. 50%

  2. 40%

  3. 18%

  4. 10%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price of 1000g = Rs 10. He marks it to earn 20% profit, so marked price = Rs 12. However, the balance shows 1000g for 800g. He sells 800g for Rs 12. The cost of 800g is Rs 8. Profit = 12 - 8 = 4. Profit percentage = (4 / 8) * 100 = 50%.

Multiple choice

A man sells three articles, one at a loss of 10%, another at a profit of 20% and the third one at a loss of 25%. If the selling price of all the three is the same, find by how much percent is their average CP lower than or higher than their SP.

  1. 14.533 % lower

  2. 16.890 % higher

  3. 17.258 % higher

  4. 9.256 % higher
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let SP = 100 for each. CP1 = 100/0.9 = 111.11. CP2 = 100/1.2 = 83.33. CP3 = 100/0.75 = 133.33. Total CP = 327.77. Total SP = 300. Average CP = 109.25. Average SP = 100. Difference = 9.25. Percent = (9.25/100) * 100 = 9.25% higher.

Multiple choice

Manish bought a combined total of 25 monitors and printers. He marked up the monitors by 20% on the cost price, while each printer was marked up by Rs 2000. He was able to sell 75% of the monitors and 2 printers and make a profit of Rs 49,000. The remaining monitors and 3 printers could not be sold by him. Find his overall profit or loss if he gets no return on unsold items and it is known that a printer costs 50% of a monitor.

  1. Loss of Rs 48,500

  2. Loss of 21,000

  3. Loss of Rs 41,000

  4. Inadequate data
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice

A shopkeeper marked a product, 20% above the cost price and sold the product for Rs. 3888 by giving two successive discounts of 10% each. Find the cost price of the product and the loss percentage of the shopkeeper.

  1. 4200, 7.4%

  2. 4000, 2.8%

  3. 4100, 5.1%

  4. 4050, 4%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100x. Marked Price = 120x. Two 10% discounts: 120x * 0.9 * 0.9 = 97.2x. 97.2x = 3888 => x = 40. CP = 4000. Loss = 4000 - 3888 = 112. Loss % = (112/4000) * 100 = 2.8%.

Multiple choice

Russel marked a pen stand for sale at 1.25 times the price that he bought it for. However, while actually selling it, he offered a discount and the percentage discount offered was 0.8 times the percentage profit he earned. What was the profit percentage he earned on the sale of the pen stand?

  1. 12%

  2. 25%

  3. 10%

  4. 12.5%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Marked Price = 125. Let profit % = P. Discount % = 0.8P. Selling Price = 125 * (1 - 0.8P/100) = 100 + P. 125 - P = 100 + P => 25 = 2P => P = 12.5%.