Biology

Pregnancy and Childbirth

996 Questions

This hub covers essential biology questions on pregnancy, fetal development, and childbirth. Topics include the placenta, maternal physiology, and the stages of labor. These concepts are frequently tested in general science sections of various competitive examinations.

Placenta and fetal nutritionStages of laborMaternal immune systemPregnancy complications

Pregnancy and Childbirth Questions

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

The act of expelling the full term foetus from the uterus is termed as

  1. Gestation

  2. Implantation

  3. Parturition

  4. Capacitation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The process of delivery of foetus is called as parturition. Parturition is the act of expelling the full-term foetus from the mother's uterus at the end of gestation. In this process fully developed foetus produces foetal ejection reflex which stimulates pituitary to release oxytocin hormone. This hormone causes vigorous uterine contraction that leads to the delivery of feotus. This process is also known as the delivery of the foetus when the pregnancy period gets over. The importance of parturition is that the event results in the foetus to come out of the womb. The process is accompanied with the onset of lactation.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Which of the following relates to the term "after-birth"?

  1. Amniotic fluid passing out

  2. Expulsion of baby

  3. Expulsion of placenta, umbilical cord and foetal membrane

  4. Secretion of hormone relaxin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Parturition or childbirth is the event of bringing a child into the world from the uterus of the mother. It involves forceful muscle contractions of the uterine wall which push the child out of the womb through the vaginal canal. Several events take place after the birth of the child, including expulsion of the placenta, umbilical cord, and fetal membrane.

So, the correct answer is 'Expulsion of the placenta, umbilical cord, and fetal membrane'.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

The fluid released from the vagina lust prior to childbirth is

  1. Baby's accumulated urine

  2. Amniotic fluid

  3. Mothers plasma from the umbilical cord

  4. Baby's plasma from its fetal circulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The amniotic fluid is the protective liquid contained by the amniotic sac of a gravid amniote. This fluid serves as a cushion for the growing fetus but also serves to facilitate the exchange of nutrients, water, and biochemical products between mother and fetus. Amniotic fluid is present from the formation of the gestational sac. The forewaters are released when the amnion ruptures prior to childbirth.

So the correct option is 'amniotic fluid'.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

During parturition which joint allows smooth movement of the foetus?

  1. Amphiarthrosis

  2. Syndesmoses

  3. Pubicsmphysis

  4. Gomphosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

During pregnancy in the human, hormones such as relaxin allows the pelvic bones to be more flexible for delivery. The gap of the symphysis pubis, normally is 4–5 mm but during pregnancy there is an increase by at least 2–3 mm. The symphysis pubis separates to some degree during childbirth hence pubic symphysis is an amphiarthrodial joint.

So, the correct option is 'Amphiarthrosis'.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

What is "After birth" referred to?

  1. Amniotic fluid passing out

  2. Expulsion of baby

  3. Expulsion of placenta, umbilical cord and foetal membrane

  4. Secretion of hormone relaxin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In medical terms, the third stage of labor is known as the afterbirth. This stage involves the expulsion of the placenta, umbilical cord, and fetal membranes after the baby has been delivered.

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence important stages in agricultural development disorders of nervous system

Drugs that cause malformation in embryo during pregnancy are called as

  1. Tranquillizers

  2. Teratogens

  3. Alcoholic beverages

  4. Nicotin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Some drugs cause foetal abnormalities, when given to a pregnant women. These are called teratogens. The most well-known synthetic teratogen is thalidomide.

Multiple choice biology animal behaviour ethology natural selection coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which is not true of breast milk?

  1. Poor maternal diet is not the main cause of inadequacy of breast milk.

  2. Breast milk takes more time to come in if prelactal feeds are given to the baby.

  3. Expressed breast milk cannot be stored at room temperature for more than 2 hrs.

  4. For a low body weight baby, ideal milk is the mother's milk.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Colostrum (also called as first milk) is the thin yellowish fluid secreted by the mammary glands at the time of parturition and which precedes the production of true milk. It provides a nursing infant with essential nutrients and infection-fighting antibodies (called as immunoglobulin) to protect the newborn against disease. IgA is the major immunoglobulin in colostrum. It protects from inhaled and ingested pathogens.

Multiple choice

What doctor is with a woman when she is in labor?

  1. PhD

  2. obstetrician

  3. optometrist

  4. opthomologist
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An obstetrician is a physician who specializes in pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. The other options refer to different medical specialties or academic degrees.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Oxytocin is involved in

  1. Milk ejection

  2. Parturition

  3. Let down process

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Oxytocin is released by posterior pituitary during parturition in response to foetus ejection reflex. It stimulates strong uterine muscle contraction forcing the fetus downwards during parturition. Oxytocin helps to initiate release of milk by mammary gland after child birth. The more a baby suckles, the more oxytocin is released leading to milk let down. Thus, the correct answer is D.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

If ovaries from a pregnant woman are removed in 4$^{th}$ month of pregnency, then

  1. Development of embryo becomes abnormal

  2. Abortion occurs after some time

  3. Embryo develops normally till birth

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Trophoblast refers to outer cells of a blastocyst that serve in placenta formation in the beginning of the second trimester. It secretes human chorionic gonadotropin that ensures persistence of the corpus luteum. The later serves to secrete ovarian hormone estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin that are required to maintain pregnancy. Hence, removal of ovaries after 4th month would not affect the pregnancy. The correct answer is C.

Multiple choice

Woman should eat for TWO now that they are pregnant?

  1. true

  2. false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The idea of "eating for two" is a myth; pregnant women only need a modest increase in calories (about 340 to 450 extra calories per day in the second and third trimesters), not double the amount of food.

Multiple choice

Complete the following sentence. During pregnancy, some extra nutrients are needed (mainly in the last three months) to.

  1. help the development of the uterus and other tissues

  2. meet the needs of the growing foetus

  3. lay down stores of fat in the mother for lactation

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During the final stages of pregnancy, extra nutrients are essential to support the rapid growth of the fetus. They also help develop maternal tissues like the uterus and placenta, and build fat stores to prepare the mother's body for lactation.

Multiple choice

Why is taking a folic acid supplement important in pregnancy?

  1. Reduces the risk of neural tube defects

  2. Helps the baby be born a healthy weight

  3. Avoids harmful substances being passed to the foetus

  4. Improves the IQ of the baby
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Folic acid is critical for the early development of the fetus's neural tube, which eventually forms the brain and spinal cord. Adequate intake significantly reduces the risk of serious birth defects such as spina bifida.

Multiple choice

What used to be attached to a baby's belly button?

  1. Umbilical cord

  2. Ambient rope

  3. Umbrella cord

  4. Intestines
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The umbilical cord connects a developing baby to the placenta in the mother's womb, delivering nutrients and oxygen. Once the baby is born, the cord is cut, leaving a stump that eventually falls off to form the belly button.