Biology · Environmental Studies

Plant Reproduction and Germination

892 Questions

Plant reproduction and germination involve seed structure, cotyledon function, and dispersal mechanisms. These core botany concepts frequently appear in general science sections. Practice these questions to ensure better retention.

Seed germination typesSeed dispersal mechanismsCotyledons and albuminous seedsCryptogamic plantsPhanerogams reproduction

Plant Reproduction and Germination Questions

Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods

The _________ seeds are dispersed by birds which consume the fruit.

  1. Dandelion

  2. Coconut

  3. Pipal

  4. Lotus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Pipal tree is the dwelling place of birds. The birds consuming the fruit digest the freshly part and eject the undigested seed along with the undigested matter.


Hence, the correct option is $\text{C}$

Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods

Dispersal of seed in Opium or Poppy/Argemone occurs by

  1. Explosive mechanism

  2. Parachute mechanism

  3. Censer mechanism

  4. jaculator mechanism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Dispersal of seeds in poppy occurs by censer mechanism. In this mechanism, the seeds are scattered after dehiscence of fruit occur when it is shaken by the wind. 

Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods

The seeds of poppy are dispersed by

  1. Wind

  2. Animals

  3. Water

  4. Explosion mechanism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In pollination, pollinators play a major role and different plants adopt different methods to pollinate themselves.

  1. By wind also called anemophily and is used by around 19% of plants. Ex poppy and palm.
  2. By animals also called zoophily in which various animals mainly insects help in pollination and get a reward for this. Majority of plant use this method around 80%.ex Sunflower (by bees), potato (by bumblebees).
  3. By water also called as hydrophily and is not used as much only 0.4 % of plant favored it. Ex Vallisneria.
  4. Explosion mechanism occurs when the triggering agent come in contact and is a violent explosion in which either only anther or both anther and stigma burst to release pollen. Ex Lamiaceae family.
So the correct option is "Wind".

Multiple choice botany mineral nutrition in plants deficiency diseases and symptoms deficiency symptoms macronutrients and micronutrients

Absence of light during plant growth, result in pale colour seeds known as:

  1. Photogenesis

  2. Phototonic effect

  3. Etiolation

  4. Photomophogenesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Seedlings grown in the dark develop long hypocotyl and their cotyledons remain closed around the epicotyl in an apical hook. This is referred to as skotomorphogenesis or etiolation. Etiolated seedlings are yellowish in color as chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development depend on light

So the correct answer is 'Etiolation'.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds

Plants have lost their capacity to produce seeds, reproduce by

  1. Spores

  2. Vegetative propagation

  3. Fission

  4. Regeneration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

If the plants lose their capacity to produce seed, the plant undergoes asexual reproduction through their vegetative parts like stem, leaf, branch, etc.

So the correct option is 'Vegetative propagation.'

Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

Higher plants such as trees reproduce by seeds while lower plants such as mosses and ferns reproduce by spores. What is the basic difference between a spore and a seed?

  1. Spores are easily destroyed by animals

  2. Spores lack a food reserve

  3. Spores take a much longer time to germinate

  4. Spores need great nutrition from the parent plant to develop
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 Spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, fungi and protozoa. They place a role in germination. They lack food reserve since they undergo different cellular division. Bacterial spores are not part of a sexual cycle but are resistant structures used for survival under unfavourable conditions. Myxozoan spores release amoebulae into their hosts for parasitic infection, but also reproduce within the hosts through the pairing of two nuclei within the plasmodium, which develops from the amoebula. The spores of seed plants, however, are produced internally and the megaspores, formed within the ovules and the microspores are involved in the formation of more complex structures that form the dispersal units, the seeds and pollen grains.

So the correct option is 'spores lack a food reserve'.

Multiple choice biology flower to flower parts of flower and its functions parts of a flower basics of leaf and flower growth and development in plants

In Hibiscus, plants grow from 

  1. Seeds

  2. Flowers

  3. Roots

  4. Branches
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Both hardy and tropical hibiscus are propagated from cuttings. Hibiscus cuttings are normally the preferred way of propagating hibiscus because a cutting will grow to be an exact copy of the parent plant. When using hibiscus cuttings to propagate hibiscus, start by taking the cutting. The cutting should be taken from new growth or softwood. Softwood is branches on the hibiscus that have not yet matured. Softwood will be pliable and often has a greenish cast. You will mostly find softwood on a hibiscus in spring or early summer. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology the flower pollination and its types germination sexual reproduction in plants seed germination seeds - structure and germination

If a water soaked seed is pressed, a small drop of water comes out through the ...............

  1. Stomata

  2. Lenticel

  3. Micopyle

  4. Radicle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When a soaked seed is pressed the water comes out from the pore of the seed which is known as the micropyle.

Stomata and lenticels are not present in the seed.
Radical is a part of the seed which will develop into the roots.
So the correct answer is ' Micropyle'.

Multiple choice microsporophyll vs megasporophyll plant kingdom biology

What is not a post fertilization event?

  1. Gametogenesis

  2. Embryogenesis

  3. Fruit formation

  4. Seed formation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gametogenesis occurs before fertilization to produce the gametes. Embryogenesis, fruit formation, and seed formation are all processes that occur after fertilization.

Multiple choice microsporophyll vs megasporophyll plant kingdom biology

The filiform apparatus is present in ________.

  1. Synergids

  2. Egg cell

  3. Antipodals

  4. Secondary nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The synergids have special cellular thickening at the micropylar tip called filiform apparatus, which plays an important role in guiding the pollen tube into the synergid.

Multiple choice types of endosperms plant kingdom biology

The dry (mass excluding water) of a seed in the process of germination

  1. Increase over time until the first leaves appear

  2. Decreases over time until the first leaves appear

  3. Stays constant until the first leaves appear

  4. First Increases and then decreases until the first leaves appear
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

During the germination process, there is a permanent increase of cell size and dry mass of the seed and water uptake may differ from day to day, plant take more water on a wet day and less on a dry day.

So the correct option is 'Increase over time until the first leaves appear.'

Multiple choice types of endosperms plant kingdom biology

(a) Endosperm development in most of the plants is nuclear type
(b) In rice, endosperm is starchy and present in mature seed.

  1. Both (a) and (b) are correct

  2. Only (a) is correct

  3. Only (b) is correct

  4. Both (a) and (b) are incorrect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(a) Endosperm is the layer of tissue in the seeds that surround the embryo and provides nutrition' It is mainly of three different types:

  1. Nuclear endosperm is formed by the free nuclear division and cell wall formation does not occur. It is the most common type of endosperm in most of the plants.
  2. Cellular endosperm cell wall formation occurs at the same time when a nuclear division occurs.
  3. Helobial endosperm is the intermediate of both nuclear and cellular endosperm. It is the least common type of endosperm.

(b) In rice during the time of processing, all the things including rice bran are removed, this leaves the only endosperm which is found to be white and starchy. It is present in the seeds of the plants.

So, the correct option is 'Both Endosperm development in most of the plants is the nuclear type and In rice, the endosperm is starchy and present in the mature seed'.
So the correct answer is option A