Biology · Environmental Studies

Plant Reproduction and Germination

892 Questions

Plant reproduction and germination involve seed structure, cotyledon function, and dispersal mechanisms. These core botany concepts frequently appear in general science sections. Practice these questions to ensure better retention.

Seed germination typesSeed dispersal mechanismsCotyledons and albuminous seedsCryptogamic plantsPhanerogams reproduction

Plant Reproduction and Germination Questions

Multiple choice evs life within the seed introduction to plant organs and germination seed to plants germination of seeds developmental journey of seed

The chemical used for treating the dormancy of seed is?

  1. TTC

  2. G A

  3. I B A

  4. Methyl red
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride) is a chemical used to test seed viability by staining living tissues red. While GA (gibberellic acid) is used to break dormancy, TTC is the standard chemical reagent associated with seed testing protocols.

Multiple choice evs life within the seed introduction to plant organs and germination seed to plants germination of seeds developmental journey of seed

In wheat and rice _________________.

  1. Per carp is fused with seed coat

  2. Per sperm is fused with seed coat

  3. Seed coat and per carp are separate

  4. Fruits are multisided
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In cereals like wheat and rice, the fruit is a caryopsis, where the pericarp (fruit wall) is fused with the seed coat (testa). This makes the grain a single-seeded fruit.

Multiple choice evs life within the seed introduction to plant organs and germination seed to plants germination of seeds developmental journey of seed

Sprouting time of seeds may vary according to 

  1. Temperature

  2. Humidity of the weather

  3. Air force

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Sprouting time of seeds may vary according to the temperature and humidity of the weather. Some seeds are hard to germinate when the weather is hot. Sometimes the temperature is just too high for that seed, sometimes the soil dries out too fast. Some varieties of some crops have better germination at high temperatures than others.

So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.
Multiple choice evs seeds and seeds introduction to plant organs and germination seed to plants germination of seeds

The class of seeds which must maintain a relatively high moisture content in order to remain viable are known as ______________.

  1. Orthodox seeds

  2. Recalcitrant seeds

  3. Labyrinth seeds

  4. Ex-albumirious seeds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Recalcitrant seeds are seeds that do not survive drying and freezing during ex-situ conservation, and thus must maintain a relatively high moisture content to remain viable. Unlike orthodox seeds, they cannot tolerate desiccation.

Multiple choice evs life within the seed introduction to plant organs and germination seed to plants germination of seeds developmental journey of seed

Consider the following statements.
a. The seeds of Zea mays would germinate immediately after falling from the plant if favourable conditions of moisture, temperature and aeration are available.
b. Seed-coat dormancy is exhibited by Cassia and Gossypium
Which of the statements given is/are correct?

  1. $1$ only
  2. $2$ only
  3. Both $1$ and $2$
  4. Neither $1$ nor $2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice evs seeds and seeds introduction to plant organs and germination seed to plants germination of seeds

Occasionally, in some seeds such as ______(A) ___, remnants of nucellus are also persistent.This residual, persistent nucellus is the __(B)__________.

  1. (A) Castor and beet (B) Endopserm

  2. (A) Castor and beet (B) Carucele

  3. (A) Maize and rice (B) Aleurone layer

  4. (A) Black pepper and beet (B) Perisperm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In some seeds such as black pepper and beet, remnants of the nucellus persist persistently. This residual nutritive nucellar tissue is known as the perisperm.

Multiple choice biology biological diversity species, communities and ecosystems kingdom fungi monera, protista, fungi

Cotyledon is also known as

  1. Seed leaves

  2. Endosperm

  3. Embryo

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The cotyledons are referred to as seed leaves. It is because they act as the leaves of the seed during the process of germination. This in the sense that, as the leaves of plants provide food for the plants, so does the cotyledons provide food for the germinating plant. This is possible because the cotyledons store food necessary used during this process. So, the correct option is 'Seed leaves'.
Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods other modes of vegetative propagation introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction

This is an example of a very old viable seed excavated from Arctic Tundra. The seed germinated and flowered after an estimated record of $10,000$ years of dormancy. It is?

  1. Victoria

  2. Lupinus arcticus

  3. Phoenix dactylifera

  4. Strobilanthus kunthiana
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There are several records of very old yet viable seeds. The oldest one is of a lupine(Lupnius arcticus) excavated from Arctic Tundra. Seeds of Lupinus arcticus, atleast $10,000$ years old were found in lemming burrows deeply buried in permanently frozen silt of Pleistocene age in ungladated central Yuzon. They readily germinated in the laboratory and have since grown into normal healthy plants.

Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods other modes of vegetative propagation introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction

Parachute type of mechanism of seed dispersal is found in _____________.

  1. Pea/Leguminosae

  2. Mustard/Cruciferae

  3. Cotton/Malvaceae

  4. Taraxacum/Compositae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Taraxacum (dandelion) seeds possess a pappus, which is a tuft of hairs that acts like a parachute to facilitate wind dispersal.

Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods other modes of vegetative propagation introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction

In lettuce, red light is most effective in breaking seed dormancy because it.

  1. Stimulates water absorption

  2. Reverses inhibitory effect of far-red light

  3. Enhances respiratory rate

  4. Breaks down ABA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Red light promotes germination in photoblastic seeds like lettuce by converting inactive phytochrome (Pr) into its active form (Pfr), which triggers germination. Far-red light converts Pfr back to Pr, inhibiting germination. Thus, red light breaks seed dormancy primarily by reversing the inhibitory effect of far-red light.

Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods other modes of vegetative propagation introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
a. Tegmen: Part of seed coat which actually is the dried up inner integument.
b. Caruncile- A spongy outgrowth of helium and absorbs water
c. Endothelrum: Inner epidermal layer of integument in unitegmic ovules and functions similar to another tapetum
d. Epithelium: Tissue of the scutellum abutting the endosperm; glandular in nature and secretes enzymes.
Select the correct answer.

  1. $1, 2$ and $3$
  2. $1, 3$ and $4$
  3. $1, 2, 3$ and $4$
  4. $2$ and $4$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

All four statements accurately describe seed and ovule structures. Tegmen is the inner seed coat from the inner integument, caruncle is a spongy outgrowth near the micropyle, endothelium is the nutritive inner epidermal layer in unitegmic ovules, and epithelium is the specialized absorptive tissue of the scutellum.

Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods other modes of vegetative propagation introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction

After-ripening dormancy has been reported in the seed.

  1. Fraxinus excelsior

  2. Parkinsoma aculeata

  3. Pistacia lentiscus

  4. Trigonella indica
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

After-ripening is a period of dormancy where seeds require time after harvest to become capable of germination. Fraxinus excelsior (European ash) is a well-documented example of seeds requiring this process.

Multiple choice evs the journey of seeds vegetative propagation and seed dispersal seed dispersal seed dispersal and its methods

Moringa (drum stick) seeds have .............. that aid in their dispersal.

  1. Wings

  2. Pappus

  3. Hairy tuft

  4. Thorns
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The seeds or fruits that are dispersed by wind generally are small and light. However, there are certain other adaptions also seen in it. Moringa (drumstick) seeds have wing-like structures that aid in their dispersal. Other seeds which have similar structure are Cinchona and Pinus. Thus, the correct answer is option A.