Plant Reproduction and Germination

Seeds can be separated from juice by the process of filtration, as juice being liquid will pass through the holes of a filter but seeds being bigger in size will not. 

Cotyledon stores food in germinating seed.Species with one cotyledon are called monocotyledonous ("monocots") and Plants with two embryonic leaves are termedas dicotyledonous.

Bryophyta produces spores and embryo, but lacks vascular tissues and seeds. They are amphibians of plant kingdom.

Gymnosperms are evergreen and woody plants. This plant group has seeds, but they lack flowers and fruits. Angiosperms are the flowering plants.

Dry seeds of moong are kept in water for a day and wrapped in wet cloth the next day. This way they develop small white structures growing out of them. The seeds are then said to be sprouted or germinated. 

Generally, it is the seeds of the plants which are used to extract oils. For example: seeds of mustard, linseed etc. 

Jute is a natural plant fiber obtained from jute plant. Harvesting of jute plant is done at the flowering stage. Its stem is then immersed in water for the easy separation of jute fibers.

Recalcitrant seeds are seeds which cannot be stored for longer period of time like some horticultural plants, e.g. mango.

 Lodoicea maldivica is the botanical name of  double coconut or Seychelles nut and has the largest seed.

The pericarp in caryopsis is fused with the seed coat and the grains of rice and wheat which are examples of caryopsis are considered both seed and fruit since there is no different layer of seperation. 

Phanerogams (Gymnosperm and Angiosperm) are the plants that reproduce by means of seeds and not by spores. They are the plants that produce seeds. 

 Better the seed, better would be the crop yield. Seeds should be of good quality, give high yield and should be clean and healthy. Hollow and lighter seeds mean the seeds are eaten/ attacked by and are not good to be used. 

Seeds should neither be sown very deep nor on surface to optimize their germination. Also, there should be proper spacing between the seeds to allow their proper growth. Hence, seeds should be sown at adequate depth and with proper spacing between them.

Pine is a gymnosperm. They have naked seeds, i.e. fruits do not enclose the seeds. Therefore, (3) is the correct answer. 

Pine - is a gymnosperm. It bears seeds but the seeds are naked.