Biology

Plant Propagation Techniques

660 Questions

Plant propagation techniques cover both natural and artificial methods of cultivating plants, including micropropagation, tissue culture, and layering. These botanical concepts evaluate how desirable characteristics are multiplied and transferred into new plants. Questions on this topic routinely feature in the biology segment of various state and central competitive exams.

Micropropagation methodsArtificial vegetative propagationPlant tissue cultureLayering techniquesMeristem differentiation

Plant Propagation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Grafting is employed for better and quicker yield of good varieties of

  1. Apple

  2. Citrus

  3. Mango

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Apple, citrus, and mango all are dicots so they can be easily propagated by the technique of grafting. By grafting these plants gives better and quicker yield because for grafting one plant is selected for its roots and this is called the stock or root stock. The other plant is selected for its stems, leaves, flowers, or fruits and is called the scion. The stock and scion are selected from the plants which provides good yield so that it gets transferred to the grafted plant.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

A quicker regeneration of grass leaves shall occur by

  1. Cutting

  2. Grazing

  3. Irrigation

  4. Clipping
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Grass possess intercalary meristem at the base of the leaf blades. Intercalary meristems are capable of cell division, and they allow for rapid growth and regrowth of many monocots. In grass the meristem allows the damaged leaves to grow rapidly. Therefore, clipping of leaves at the base helps in quicker regeneration of grass leaves.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Which one of the following is not a natural method of vegetative propagation

  1. Runner

  2. Foliar buds

  3. Stem tuber

  4. Grafting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Runner, foliar bud, and stem tuber is a natural method of propagation while grafting is an artificial method as because the two plants of different species are allowed to merge by artificial technique.
A runner is the stem portion of the plant that tends to grow horizontally as opposed to upright like the main stem. The end tip of the runner can produce buds that develop into new plants that are clones. Adventitious roots are also produced from the buds found on the runner. An offset is a short thick runner like branch which produces a new plant at its tip. The offsets grow in all directions from the main stem of the parent plant. 
Foliar buds are the buds which are present other than the node generally on the leaf. Plants like Begonia are propagated by the foliar bud.
Tubers are the underground modification of stem which stores starch. It has buds on its surface which help in the growth of the new plant as this buds are meristematic in nature. The buds are also known as eye. 
Grafting is not a natural method of vegetative propagation. It is a horticulture technique where the living detached portion of the plant is used to regenerate the growth. One plant is selected for its roots and this is called the stock or rootstock. The other plant is selected for its stems, leaves, flowers, or fruits and is called the scion. The joining of scion and stalk is known as inosculation.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Artificial vegetative propagation of mango varieties such as Dussehri and Alphanso is carried out through

  1. Bud grafting

  2. Scion grafting

  3. Mound layering

  4. Aerial layering
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bud grafting is the standard commercial method for propagating specific mango varieties to ensure the offspring retain the parent's characteristics.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Some leaves are removed from the stem cuttings planted for vegetative propagation. This is done

  1. To increase water uptake

  2. Because it helps in rooting of cuttings

  3. To reduce water loss

  4. Because the cuttings need less food
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A few leaves from the stem cutting are removed so as to reduce transpiration which inturn will reduce the water stress on the stem cutting and would help in faster rooting.

So, the correct answer is 'To reduce water loss'

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Which of the following methods is used to produce new rose plants?

  1. Layering

  2. Bud grafting

  3. Budding

  4. Stem cutting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rose plant is cultivated by stem cutting. This is an asexual method of reproduction. Good stems are selected and dipped in auxin hormone that promotes root formation. These stems are then planted in a medium to obtain plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant. Thus the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

The best way to obtain bacterial and viruses free plants through tissue culture

  1. Micropropagation

  2. Seed germination after gamma-irradiation

  3. Stem or Shoot up culture

  4. Seed germination under aseptic condition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tissue culture is the artificial growth of cells in a large amount in laboratory conditions. Micropropagation is one of the techniques of tissue culture in which a large number of desired cells are produced to obtain pathogen free bacteria and also small pieces of shoot meristems are cut and then transferred to culture media to grown, the resultant plants will be free from virus and bacterial infection. The media and surrounding should be sterilized and aseptic conditions should be maintained.

So , correct option is ' Micropropagation ' .

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Grafting is the union between two plants of closely related varieties. Following are some statements regarding different types of grafting
(i) An oblique cut followed by a notch is given to both stock and scion.
(ii) Scion is a bud with a small piece of bark and cambium.
(iii) Both stock and scion are of the same diameter.
(iv) The stock has many times more diameter than Scion.
Identify the type of grafting with respect to these statements and select the correct option.

  1. (i) can be tongue grafting in which diameter of stock is larger than that of scion

  2. (ii) can be bud grafting in which stock of monocot and scion of dicot plant are usually united

  3. (iii) can be wedge grafting in which v-shaped notch is given to stock whereas wedge like cut is given to scion

  4. (iv) can be crown grafting in which many stocks are inserted in the slits made in the scions
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the tongue grafting, an oblique cut followed by a notch is given to both the stock as well scion. The two perfectly fit upon one another, they are tied together. Stock and scion are of the same diameter. In bud grafting, the scion is a bud with a small piece of bark and cambium. Monocots do not possess cambium, thus the two plants taken can be dicots only. In wedge grafting, the V-shaped notch is given to stock while the wedge-like cut is given to Scion. Both are also of the same diameter. In crown grafting, many scions are selected and shaped at the base to form a wedge. Many slits are formed on the sides of the stock. Scions are inserted in the slits and bandaged. The stock has a large diameter than Scion.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

By which of the following method reproduction hybrids can be produced?

  1. Cutting

  2. Grafting

  3. Layering

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Grafting technique can be used to produce hybrids. In grafting, the vegetative parts of two plants are joined and allow to grow as a single plant. In grafting, the upper (shoot) portion of one plant is allowed to grow on the lower (root) portion of another plant. This process results in the formation of new hybrids.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Write the most appropriate answer from the given options. 
Vegetative reproduction yield can be increase by......

  1. Grafting

  2. Cutting

  3. Leaf propogation

  4. Rooting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Grafting is the process of joining two plants together to grow as one. Grafting increases vegetative reproduction.

So, the correct option is 'Grafting'.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Scion is a term in relation to

  1. Layering

  2. Cutting

  3. Grafting

  4. Micropropagation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Scion is a type of vegetative propagation. The process of artificially growing the plants is known as vegetative propagation. Artificial vegetative propagation is usually used for propagation or reproduction of those plants which produce either very few seeds or do not produce viable seeds. Some the examples are Banana, pineapple, artificial rose, orange, grape etc. Layering, grafting, cuttings and tissue culture are some types of artificial propagation. Scion or grafting of a plant means removing the twig or viable bud from the plant and inserting or tying it to the other buds especially the aerial part/stem(Stock) of the other plant. The stock provides the nutritional support to the stock of the plant. 

So, the correct option is 'Grafting'.  

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

During grafting rootstock is generally derived from a plant

  1. Efficient in water and mineral absorption

  2. Resistant to diseases

  3. That grows strong and healthy branches

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The rootstock is generally derived from a plant that provided good enough support to stem, roots and branches, resist to the relevant pests and diseases and which obtain necessary water and mineral from the soil.

So the correct option is 'All of the above.' 

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Jasmine reproduces from 

  1. Branches

  2. Seeds

  3. Flowers

  4. Stem
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Layering: In this method, a branch of the plant is pulled towards the ground and a part of it is covered with moist soil leaving the tip of the branch exposed above the ground. After some time, new roots develop from the part of the branch buried in the soil. The branch is then cut off from the parent plant. The part of the branch which has developed roots grows to become a new plant (just like the parent plant). Jasmine plant (chameli) is propagated or produced by the layering method. We can see from that one left side branch and one right side branch of the parent jasmine plant have been buried in moist soil. The parts of branches which are buried in soil grow their own roots. When this happens, the branches of the parent plant connecting the newly formed plants are cut off so that the newly formed plants may grow on their own and develop into mature plants (like the parent plant). Jasmine cannot be propagated by flowers, seeds or stem

So, the correct answer is 'Branches'