Biology

Plant Propagation Techniques

660 Questions

Plant propagation techniques cover both natural and artificial methods of cultivating plants, including micropropagation, tissue culture, and layering. These botanical concepts evaluate how desirable characteristics are multiplied and transferred into new plants. Questions on this topic routinely feature in the biology segment of various state and central competitive exams.

Micropropagation methodsArtificial vegetative propagationPlant tissue cultureLayering techniquesMeristem differentiation

Plant Propagation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice botany strategies for enhancement in food production balanced diet food production and microbes plant breeding for food production

Evaluation of newly evolved varieties is carried out by

  1. All agricultural universities

  2. ICAR

  3. IARI

  4. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is the apex body responsible for coordinating and evaluating agricultural research and newly evolved crop varieties in India.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and conservation hotspots and methods of conservation biodiversity: conservation conservation of biodiversity basis of classification in animals basis of the classification of animals criteria for animal classification

Valuable plant materials likely to become irretrievably lost in the wild or cultivation are kept preserved in viable conditions in

  1. Gene library

  2. Gene pools

  3. Gene banks

  4. Bio-reserves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gene banks are a type of biorepository, which preserve genetic material. For plants, this could be by freezing cuttings from the plant, or stocking the seeds (e.g., in a seed bank). For animals, this is the freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until further need. With corals, fragments are taken which are stored in water tanks under controlled conditions.
Plant genetic material in a 'gene bank' is preserved at $-196^0$C in liquid nitrogen as mature seed (dry).

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and conservation hotspots and methods of conservation biodiversity: conservation conservation of biodiversity basis of classification in animals basis of the classification of animals criteria for animal classification

Germplasm is

  1. Obsolete and improved genetic material

  2. Genetic material of related wild type

  3. Both a and b

  4. Improved genetic material
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Germplasm is a term used to describe living genetic resources, such as seeds or tissue, maintained for the purpose of breeding, preservation, and other research uses. These resources may take the form of seed collections stored in seed banks, trees growing in nurseries, animal breeding lines maintained in animal breeding programs or gene banks, etc. Germplasm collections can range from collections of wild species to elite, domesticated breeding lines that have undergone extensive human selection.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and conservation hotspots and methods of conservation biodiversity: conservation conservation of biodiversity basis of classification in animals basis of the classification of animals criteria for animal classification

Virus-free clones are obtained from

  1. Callus

  2. Embryoids

  3. Haploid culture

  4. Shoot tip culture
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Shoot tip culture is the culture of terminal part of shoot to a plant in in-vitro condition or in lab called as shoot tip culture. Mostly the shoot tip culture used for obtain disease free plant without genetically changes. The plant which affected by any contaminant mostly by viruses have saved by shoot tip culture, because shoot tip of any affected plant is less or free from contamination (viruses, bacteria, fungus). 

Other cause of use to shoot tip culture is plant shoot tip are more efficient to cultivation or differentiation in-vitro, because cells of them newly generated and healthy comparison to other parts.

Multiple choice botany identifying the plants transport of water across plants habit of plants plant classifications

The part of plant used for culturing is called ___________.

  1. Scion

  2. Explant

  3. Stock

  4. Callus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Explanation: In biology, explant culture is a technique used for the isolation of cells from a piece or pieces of tissue. Tissue harvested in this manner is called an explant. It can be a portion of the shoot, leaves, or some cells from a plant, or can be any part of the tissue from an animal, or from umblical cord tissue.

Multiple choice biology water absorption and ascent of sap in plants transport of water across plants habit of plants plant classifications

Phytotron in meant for

  1. Controlled irradiation

  2. Induction of mutations

  3. Controlled humidity

  4. Growing plants under controlled environment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A phytotron is a specialized facility designed for growing plants under strictly controlled environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, and light.

Multiple choice zoology applications of biotechnology cloning process of cloning gene cloning

Plants having similar genotypes produced by plant breeding are called as 

  1. Clone

  2. Haploid

  3. Autopolypoid

  4. Genome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually. The term clone is used in horticulture to refer to descendants of a single plant which were produced by vegetative reproduction. Many horticultural plant cultivars are clones, derived from a single individual, multiplied by some process other than sexual reproduction.

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants hydroponics hydroculture essential and non-essential mineral elements

The basic principle of aeroponics includes

  1. Growing plants in a suspended or closed environment.

  2. Growing plants by callus culture.

  3. Growing plants in the presence of growth hormones.

  4. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Aeroponics is a method of growing plants with their roots suspended in the air in a grow chamber. The chamber contains the water-based solutions that is used to promote healthy growth in the plants. Water is pumped from the reservoir into the mirco-jet nozzles which distribute the nutrient solution to the roots at definite intervals. This is an enclosed system i.e. whatever does not get absorbed by the roots falls back down into the solution chamber and gets cycled through again. The microbes on the plant are in an oxygen-rich environment. This allows the microbes time to digest the nutrients and to make them immediately available for the plant’s use. Well-circulating CO2 in the room also enhances growth. Thus the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants hydroponics hydroculture essential and non-essential mineral elements

The method of growing plants by using air in absence of soil or any artificial medium?

  1. Aeroponics

  2. Hydroponics

  3. Suspension culture

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Aeroponics is a method of growing plants with their roots suspended in the air in a chamber. Nutrient-rich water is sprayed on the roots of the plants. The microbes on the plant are in an oxygen-rich environment. This allows the microbes time to digest the nutrients and to make them immediately available for the plant’s use. Well-circulating CO$ _2$ in the room also enhances growth. 
Thus the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants hydroponics hydroculture essential and non-essential mineral elements

Aeroponics is growing plants in

  1. Air

  2. Satellites

  3. Other planets and space

  4. Stands with liquid spray of their roots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Aeroponics is the technique of growing plants in air. The roots of the plants hang in air supplied with nutrients and water on a regular basis. 

Here the soil is not required for growing the plant because the fulfillment of the nutrients of the plant is getting done through the regular mist of the nutrients spray.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics dna transfer rdna technology - dna transfer and transformation biotechnology in agriculture

Select the wrong statement from the following.

  1. Pectinase and cellulase dissolve the cell wall.

  2. Some Cyanobacteria form symbiotic association with the fern Azolla.

  3. Regeneration of cell wall in somatic hybridisation is induced by PEG.

  4. Plants obtained through pollen culture are always haploids.

  5. Shoot regeneration in callus is promoted by cytokinin like BAP.

  6. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
F Correct answer
Explanation

Pollen culture (microspore culture) is a technique in which haploid plants are obtained from isolated pollen grains. Pollen or microspore culture is an in vitro technique by which the pollen grains, preferably at the uninucleate stage, are squeezed out aseptically from the intact anther and then cultured on nutrient medium where the microscope, without producing male gametes, develop into haploid embryoids or callus tissues that give rise to haploid plantlets by embryogenesis or organogenesis. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated cell fusion is a simple and efficient technique used widely for the production of somatic cell hybrids and for nuclear transfer in mammalian cloning. Fusion can be performed between adherent and suspension cells or between adherent cells or suspension cells. Cytokinins are the key factor to induce the direct shoot regeneration. Azolla form a symbiotic relationship with the cyanobacterium, Anabaena azollae, which fixes atmospheric nitrogen, giving the plant access to the essential nutrient. Pectinase is an enzyme that breaks down pectin, a polysaccharide found in plant cell walls. Cellulases contribute to the enzymatic splitting of cellulose, a component of cell wall.

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications stem cell stem cells and applications stem cells organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation

The inherent capacity of a cell to regenerate a new whole organism or plant is called as

  1. Ontogeny

  2. Totipotency

  3. Differentiation

  4. Homeostasis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The inherent potentiality of a plant cell to give rise to a whole plant is described as cellular totipotency. This is a capacity which is retained even after a cell has undergone final differentiation in the plant body. In plants, even highly mature and differentiated cells retain the ability to regenerate to a meristematic state as long as they have an intact membrane
system and a viable nucleus. This is contradicting to animals, where differentiation is generally irreversible. Totipotent cells can form all the cell types in a body, plus the extra embryonic, or placental, cells. Embryonic cells within the first couple of cell divisions after fertilization are the only cells that are totipotent in animals.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.