Biology

Plant Propagation Techniques

591 Questions

Plant propagation techniques cover both natural and artificial methods of cultivating plants, including micropropagation, tissue culture, and layering. These botanical concepts evaluate how desirable characteristics are multiplied and transferred into new plants. Questions on this topic routinely feature in the biology segment of various state and central competitive exams.

Micropropagation methodsArtificial vegetative propagationPlant tissue cultureLayering techniquesMeristem differentiation

Plant Propagation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

The desired varieties of economically useful crops can be produced by_________

  1. Vernalisation

  2. Mutation

  3. Natural selection

  4. Hybridisation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The mating or crossing of two plants or lines of dissimilar genotype is known as hybridization. 
  • The chief objective of hybridization is to create genetic variation when two genotypically different plants are brought together in F1. Segregation and recombination produce many new gene combinations in F2 and the later generations, i.e., the segregating generations. 
  • The degree of variation produced in the segregating generations would, therefore, depend on the number of heterozygous genes in the F1 which in turn depends upon the number of genes for which the two parents differ. 
  • The aim of hybridization may be the transfer of one or few qualitative characters, the improvement in one or more quantitative characters, or use the F1 as a hybrid variety. 
  • Breeding new crops are important for ensuring food security by developing new varieties that are higher-yielding, resistant to pests and diseases, drought-resistant or regionally adapted to different environments and growing conditions.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

Method of preserving favourable variants and elimination of undesirable plants is termed as________

  1. Selection

  2. Hybrid

  3. Hybridization

  4. Somatic hybrids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • The selection is the oldest method of plant breeding in which the two plants are selected on the basis of the superior characters. This method helps in the elimination of undesirable characters. The two plants are selected in order to preserve the favorable traits. This method involves the preservation of the plants which have superior characters. 
Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

In crop improvement programmes, haploids are of  great importance because they ___________________.

  1. Grow better even under adverse climatic conditions

  2. Are useful in studies of meiosis.

  3. Have less requirement for energy inputs

  4. Give homozygous lines following diploidization
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Haploids are useful in plant breeding because they can be doubled (diploidized) to produce completely homozygous lines in a single generation.

Multiple choice biology improvement in food resources crop variety improvement improvement if crop varieties improvement in crop variety

The technique of combining of desirable characteristics in one plant and then multiplying such individual to the extent that it is easily available for common use of farmers is know as crop improvement.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The  method of altering the genetic pattern of plants to increase their value and utility for human welfare, is called crop improvement or plant breeding. It is a purposeful manipulation of plants to create desired plant types that are better suited for cultivation, give better yield and are disease resistant. iit is purely depends on domestication.

So the given statement is true.

Multiple choice biology fruit and seed morphology of the fruit fruit plants: structure and function

A substance which is used to stimulate the increase in size of the apple fruit is 

  1. Morphactin

  2. Promalin

  3. Ethylene

  4. Ethapone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Promalin is a mixture of cytokinin-6-benzaldenine, GA$ _{4}$ and GA$ _{7}$. It is very active in stimulating increase in apple size particularly in red delicious apples.

Multiple choice evs modern agriculture agricultural practices in india different types of farming and agriculture various agricultural practices

In which method plants grow under the complete controlled condition?

  1. Organic farming

  2. Precision farming

  3. Polyhouse farming

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A polyhouse also called polytunnel is a tunnel made of polyethelene semi-circular, square or elongated in shape. Solar radiations are used to heat up the interior. This warms the plants, soil, and other things inside the building faster than heat can escape the structure. This warmed air in interior surfaces is retained in the building by the roof and wall.Temperature, humidity and ventilation is controlled by equipment fixed in the polytunnel or by manual opening and closing of flaps. Thus plants grow under the complete controlled condition in polyhouse farming. 

Multiple choice evs modern agriculture agricultural practices in india different types of farming and agriculture various agricultural practices

Which of the following technique is used for rooftop gardening?

  1. Hydroponics

  2. Aeroponics

  3. Green roof

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(A)Hydroponics is also called as a floating-raft system in which farming is done without using soil on a nutrient-rich solution. For Example, Mint, Tomato, Potato, Lettuce, Basil etc.

(B)Aeroponics is an indoor gardening method in which plants are grown in a mist environment. Tomato, Pepper, Cucumber, e.t.c are some of the examples
of Aeroponics.
(C)Green Roof Is a system of planting trees covered with vegetation and growing medium. Small grasses, Herbs, Flowering Plants, e.t.c are some of the examples of the Green roof.
So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

VNTR is employed for

  1. Protoplasm culture

  2. DNA finger printing

  3. Regulation of plant growth hormones

  4. Enhancing photosynthesis in desert plant
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) refers to the presence of a short nucleotide sequence as a tandem repeat on many chromosomes; it exhibits variations in length and number of repeats between individuals. VNTR are 10-100 bp long. This DNA polymorphism is revealed during DNA finger printing in creating DNA profile of individuals. For the purpose, restriction enzyme digested DNA samples are sorted by gel electrophoresis followed by southern blotting. Finally, radioactive probes are washed over the nylon surface to allow their joining to any DNA fragments of the same composition; option B is correct.  

Protoplasm culture is the fusion of protoplasm of two different species /individuals to bring their traits together in the hybrid. 
Plant growth hormones are the natural as well as artificially synthesized chemicals that control plant growth and development. Genes for abiotic stress tolerance factors such as glycine betaine are cloned in desert plants to increase their photosynthetic capacity by enhancing their tolerance for abiotic stress. The correct answer is B.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds introduction to reproduction

Reproduction in Bryophyllum takes place by

  1. Root

  2. Leaf

  3. Stem

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Some plants develop adventitious buds on their leaves which get detached and develop new plants. Leaves of Bryophyllum develop small plantlets with adventitious roots along their margins. These get detached and give rise to a complete plant. Thus it is a natural method of vegetative propagation in this plant with the help of leaves. Leaves of some other plants such as Kalanchoe, Begonia and Streptocarpus also develop adventitious buds in their leaves. 

In some plants such as tapioca, sweet potato buds present on the roots develop into leafy shoots above ground and adventitious roots at their bases. 
Vegetative propagation by stem takes place in mint, onion, garlic, banana etc. 
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds introduction to reproduction

Bryophyllum reproduces vegetatively through _________.

  1. Leaf

  2. Root

  3. Stem

  4. Flower
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bryophyllum is a plant genus of the Crassulaceae. These plantlets arise from mitosis of meristematic-type tissue in notches in the leaves. Bryophyllum are naturalised in many parts of the tropics, and deliberately cultivated for their attractiveness or for their interesting reproduction. Reproduction in Bryophyllum occurs asexually through vegetative propagation by leaves. The leaf of Bryophyllum is broad and has notches at its margins. Buds arise from the notches. These buds are called epiphyllous buds. These buds can give rise to new plants with adventitious roots, shoots and small leaves. The new plants then detach from the leaves and develop into a mature plant after coming in contact with the soil. 


So the correct option is 'leaf'.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds introduction to reproduction

The bryophyllum bud produces new plants in the presence of 

  1. Low humidity

  2. Moisture

  3. High humidity

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Plant like Bryophyllum buds grow in the margins of leaves. When a leaf of this plant falls on a moist soil, each bud can give rise to a new plant. So the correct option is 'Moisture'.