Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,473 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice zoology basis of classification classification hierarchy hierarchy of classification different types of classifications

The highest category in taxonomy is 

  1. Phylum

  2. Class

  3. Kingdom

  4. Species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • According to the taxonomical hierarchy, the kingdom is the highest category in biological classification. It is a group of closely related organisms. 
  • Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species.
  • Example: All plants have common features of the autotrophic mode of nutrition and the presence of a cell wall made up of cellulose. Hence, they belong to the kingdom Plantae.
So, the correct option is 'Kingdom'.

Multiple choice zoology classification of living beings classification hierarchy hierarchy of classification different types of classifications introduction to classification of living organisms

In Vedic times, living organisms were classified into following number of classes

  1. 2

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In Vedic times, the ;living organisms were divided into the following:

1. Born from the womb (Jivagi.)
2. Born from egg (Andaja.)
3. Born from sprouts (Udbhija.)

Hence, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice botany why classification? classification hierarchy hierarchy of classification different types of classifications modern classification system

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
The system of plant classification proposed by Carolus Linnaeus was artificial because:

  1. he was not a naturalist

  2. his classification was based on similarities and differences in floral and other morphological characters only

  3. his classification was based on evolutionary relationships

  4. he took into account the physiological relationships along with morphological observations
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Linnaeus's system was artificial because it relied on a few easily observable morphological characters, such as the number of stamens, rather than evolutionary or phylogenetic relationships.

Multiple choice biology adaptation terrestrial adaptations in plants adaptation in terrestrial plants terrestrial adaptation desert ecosystem terrestrial adaptation in animals

The prickly pear cactus became unusually abundant after its introduction in Australia, because it _________________.

  1. had no co evolved herbivores

  2. formed new mycorrhizall association

  3. lost its thorns

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Co evolution is caused by the selection pressure that each of the two species exerts on the other since there has been no co-evolved herbivore with prickly cactus, it became abundant in Australia.

Multiple choice biology biological diversity species, communities and ecosystems kingdom fungi monera, protista, fungi

Which of the following is correct in case of  homosporous pteridophytes?

  1. All the sporangia are similar

  2. Male and female gametophytes exist

  3. Two different types of spores are present

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Homosporous pteridophytes produce only one type of spores. Also, all the sporangia in a homosporous pteridophyte are similar.

So, the correct option is 'All the sporangia are similar'.

Multiple choice biology biological diversity species, communities and ecosystems kingdom fungi monera, protista, fungi

Which of the following is called the walking fern?

  1. Selaginella

  2. Adiantum

  3. Equisetum

  4. Psilotum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A.Selaginella - spike moss
B.Adiantum - walking fern
C.Equisetum - Horsetails
D.Psilotum - whisk fern
Walking fern is a common name for Adiantum. It belongs to Pteridophyta. It got its name as wherever arching leaves of parent plant body touches the ground, new plantlets grow giving it a walking appearance.
So, the correct option is 'Adiantum'.
Multiple choice biology biological diversity species, communities and ecosystems kingdom fungi monera, protista, fungi

Which character of pteridophytes is not similar to bryophytes?

  1. Water requirement for fertilization

  2. Dependence of sporophyte on gametophyte

  3. Heterospory

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Bryophytes are known as the amphibians of plant kingdom because they need water for fertilisation. The sperms of bryophytes are flagellated and reach the eggs by means of swimming in water. On the other hand, pteridophytes do not need water for fertilisation.
  • Bryophytes have gametophyte as dominant phase of life on which sporophyte is dependent whereas Pteridophytes have sporophyte as dominant phase but sporophyte is not dependent on gametophyte.
  • Heterospory is the formation of two types of spores which are different in size i.e. large spores and small spores. Large spores are called megaspores while small spores are called microspores. Spores are formed by the sporophyte both in bryophytes and pteridophytes.
Hence, option A is defines a character which is not same in bryophytes and pteridophytes.
So, the correct answer is 'Water requirement for fertilization'.

Multiple choice biology ecology species, communities and ecosystems kingdom fungi monera, protista, fungi

A taxonomic group of closely related genera is known as?

  1. Species

  2. Order

  3. Family

  4. Class
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Species represents a distinct group of the population that really or most likely breed from close animals. This taxonomic class is segregated from other classes through the method of reproduction. It bears minimal taxonomic traits.
It includes individuals that inherit basic similarities.It can be differentiated from other closely connected species because of idiosyncratic morphological characteristics. Option A is the answer
Multiple choice botany flower androecium and gynoecium flower: accessory parts and reproductive parts reproductive morphology

Which of the following statements are correct?
1. Rule of Priority in plant nomenclature commenced from $1853$
2. Binomial nomenclature was introduced by Linnaeus in $1753$
3. The orchid fruit contains five distinct seeds
4. Gynobasic style is found in Lamiaceae
Select the correct answer using the codes given.

  1. $1$ and $2$
  2. $2$ and $4$
  3. $1$ and $3$
  4. $2$ and $3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  1. The first rule commence for botanical nomenclature is in the year 1867 in Paris by A.P.de Candolle.
  2. Binomial nomenclature was given by Linnaeus in 1753.
  3. Orchids have the smallest seed in the world and produces millions in numbers.
  4. When style arises from the cavity from the centre of ovary or from thalamus is gynobasic style and it is the characteristic of Lamiaceae family.
So the correct statemnts are "2and 4".

Multiple choice biology plants in daily life uses of gymnosperms introduction to gymnosperms importance of plants

Select the correct one from the following

  1. Vascular tissues develop first in amphibian bryophytes

  2. Seed formation start from the pteridophyte plants

  3. Thalloid mycelium and hyphae are common in green algae.

  4. Wood of gymnosperms are durable and resistant to termites attack
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Vascular tissues did not appear in bryophytes. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants. 
  • Pteridophytes do not have seeds. Seed formation, first of all, started from angiospermous plants.
  • Mycelium is the vegetative part of fungus made up of thread-like structures called hyphae.
So, statement numbers 1, 2 and 3 are incorrect.
  • The wood of gymnosperm is durable, and it is also resistant to attack by termites. So, it has a very high economic value.
Thus option D is the correct answer.

Multiple choice evs seed becomes plant introduction to reproduction vegetative reproduction budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation other modes of vegetative propagation the journey of seeds

Select the mismatched pair of organism and its mode of multiplication.

  1. Organism - Agave, Oxalis; Mode of multiplication - Bulbils

  2. Organism - Amoeba, Paramecium; Mode of multiplication - Binary fission

  3. Organism - Chlamydomonas, Ulothrix; Mode of multiplication - Sporangiospores

  4. Organism - Adiantum ; Mode of multiplication - Adventitious buds present at leaf tips
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sporangiospores are non-motile spores produced inside the sporangia. They are generally dispersed by wind and germinate to produce new mycelium (e.g., Rhizopus, Mucor, etc.) In Chlamydomonas and Ulothrix, zoospores are formed.

So, the correct answer is 'Organism - Chlamydomonas, Ulothrix; Mode of multiplication - Sporangiospores'.

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Duplicate of holotype from same collection of same locality, date and same branch of plant is called

  1. Syntype

  2. Paratype

  3. Neotype

  4. Isotype
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Isotype (in plant taxonomy) A plant specimen that is a duplicate of or very similar to the type specimen and can be used as a reference specimen if the type specimen is lost. In simple language, the isotype is the duplicate of the holotype.
So the correct option is 'Isotype'.
Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Find out the correct sequence of various stages in a herbarium preparation:
$(i)$ Drying. $(ii)$ Poisoning. $(iii)$ Collection. $(iv)$ Labelling. $(v)$ Mounting. $(vi)$ Deposition. $(vii)$ Stitching.

  1. $(iii)\, \rightarrow \, (i)\, \rightarrow \, (ii)\, \rightarrow \, (v)\, \rightarrow
    \, (vii)\, \rightarrow \, (iv)\, \rightarrow \, (vi)$
  2. $(iii)\, \rightarrow \, (ii)\, \rightarrow \, (i)\, \rightarrow \, (v)\, \rightarrow
    \, (vii)\, \rightarrow \, (iv)\, \rightarrow \, (vi)$
  3. $(iii)\, \rightarrow \, (i)\, \rightarrow \, (ii)\, \rightarrow \, (v)\, \rightarrow
    \, (vii)\, \rightarrow \, (vi)\, \rightarrow \, (iv)$
  4. $(iii)\, \rightarrow \, (i)\, \rightarrow \, (ii)\, \rightarrow \, (vii)\, \rightarrow
    \, (v)\, \rightarrow \, (vi)\, \rightarrow \, (v)$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct sequence for herbarium preparation is: Collection, Drying, Poisoning, Mounting, Stitching, Labelling, and Deposition.

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Herbarium is used to

  1. Map distribution of plants

  2. Study plant taxonomy

  3. Study molecular taxonomy

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Herbarium is used to know the geographical distributions of  the plants,where are they found etc.
they have also been useful in studying plant taxonomy as information related classification is given.
and also useful as sources of plant DNA for use in molecular systematics.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.