Plant Biology and Classification

While writing the nomenclature, both genus and species are printed in italics. 

fact

Haustoria is a slender projection from the root of a parasitic plant, such as a dodder, or from the hyphae of a parasitic fungus, enabling the parasite to penetrate the tissues of its host and absorb nutrients from it.

Vegetative propagation through leaves takes place in Bryophyllum and Begonia.

Malvaceae comes under polypetalae subclass. Polypetalae was defined as including plants with the petals free from the base or only slightly connected.

Classical evolutionary taxonomy uses both evolutionary branching and divergence to classify organisms.

This is the correct order amongst which the species is the smallest and cohort is the largest taxon.

Presence of naked embryo - Thallophytes, bryophytes & pteridophytes have naked embryos that are called spores. 

Angiosperms - bear seeds that develop inside the organ, which is modified to become a fruit Reason: Phanerogams - Plants with well differentiated reproductive tissues which ultimately make seeds. 

Reason: In angiosperms, plant embryos in seeds have structures called cotyledons. Cotyledons are called 'seed leaves' because when they emerge during seed germination they become green. Thus, cotyledon represents pre-design plant in the seed. The angiosperms are divided into two groups based on the number of cotyledons present in the seed. (1) Monocotyledonous or monocots - Plants with seeds having single cotyledon, e.g. Paphiopedilum (2) Dicotyledonous or dicots - Plants with seeds having two cotyledons, e.g. Ipomoea. 

The cells are covered by a sheath of mucilage, due to which it looks like silk.

Margin bears a fringe of fine hair.

Pteridophytes do not bear seeds but have a well developed vascular system.

Helio means sun and phytes means plants. So these are the sun loving plants.

The name itself suggests that amyloplast is the body that encloses something.