Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Chlorpromazine is a typical antipsychotic. It works on a variety of receptors in the central nervous system, producing anticholinergic, antidopaminergic, antihistaminic, and weak antiadrenergic effects.

Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is the giving of substances directly into a vein. Therapies administered intravenously are often called specialty pharmaceuticals. It is commonly referred to as a drip because many systems of administration employ a drip chamber, which prevents air entering the blood stream (air embolism) and allows an estimate of flow rate.

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation antihistamine mainly used to treat allergies.It has a powerful hypnotic effect, and for this reason is often used as a nonprescription sleep aid and a mild anxiolytic.

Cidofovir is an injectable antiviral medicine for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with AIDS. It suppresses CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA polymerase and, therefore, prevents  viral replication and transcription.

Aciclovir is a guanosine analogue antiviral drug.  One of the most commonly-used antiviral drugs, it is primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, as well as in the treatment of varicella zoster (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles).

Arbidol is an antiviral treatment for influenza infection .

All drugs given above are antiviral drugs.

Inosine pranobex is a combinatinon of inosine, acetamidobenzoic acid, and dimethylaminoisopropanol used as an antiviral drug. Inosine pranobex has no effect on viral cells itself. It acts as a powerful immunostimulant.

Cisplatin, is a chemotherapy drug. It is used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas (e.g., small cell lung cancer, and ovarian cancer), lymphomas, and germ cell tumors.

Flunixin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), analgesic, and antipyretic used in horses. It is often formulated as the meglumine salt.

Barbital was first synthesized in 1902 by German chemists Emil Fischer and Joseph von Mering. They published their discovery in 1903 and it was marketed in 1904 by the Bayer company as “Veronal”.

Formamide is an amide derived from formic acid. It is a clear liquid which is miscible with water and has an ammonia-like odour. It is used primarily for manufacturing sulfa drugs and synthesizing vitamins and as a softener for paper and fibre.

Tetracaine is a potent local anesthetic of the ester group. It is mainly used topically in ophthalmology and as an antipruritic, and it has been used in spinal anesthesia.

Cinchocaine is an amide local anesthetic. It is an active ingredient in some topical hemorrhoid creams such as Proctosedyl.

Methoxyflurane is a halogenated ether that was in clinical use as a volatile inhalational anesthetic from its introduction by Joseph F. Artusio et al in 1960 until around 1974. It was first synthesized in the late 1940s by William T. Miller and his team of chemists following their involvement in the Manhattan Project.