Chemistry · Biology

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

1,643 Questions

Engage with critical pharmacology and therapeutics questions covering drug classifications and therapeutic mechanisms. Topics include chemical absorption, medication formulations, and pharmacogenomics. This collection is useful for students preparing for medical entrance, nursing, and science competitive examinations.

Chemical absorption routesDrug formulation typesMedication mechanismsEnzyme inhibitorsPharmacogenomic tests

Pharmacology and Therapeutics Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is an opioid drug?

  1. Hashish

  2. Marijuana

  3. Penicillin V

  4. Cocaine

  5. Heroin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Heroin is an opioid drug which is also illegal, extremely addictive. It is derived from morphine.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following local anesthetics is highly cardiotoxic?

  1. Lignocaine

  2. Procaine

  3. Mepivacaine

  4. Bupivacaine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Negative effects on the cardiovascular system are not noted until blood levels of the local anesthetic are significantly elevated. But certain local anesthetics such as bupivacaine may precipitate potentially fatal ventricular firbrillation, and therefore is cardiotoxic at lethal doses.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is the longest acting local anesthetic?

  1. Prilocaine

  2. Lignocaine

  3. Bupivacaine

  4. Ropivacaine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Long-acting local anaesthetic solution includes bupivacaine, ropivacaine, etidocaine and articaine. If protein-binding of both bupivacine and ropivacaine is compared, then it is 95% and 94%, respectively. Also, clinical during of ropivacaine is 20% less than bupivacaine; therefore 'c' is the most appropriate answer.

Multiple choice

The role of sodium bisulphate in a local anesthetic solution is ____________.

  1. antioxidant

  2. aesthetic agent

  3. vasoconstrictor

  4. preservative
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A is the answer of choice. All standard local anaesthetics contain the preservative sodium bisulphate or metabisulphite. The preservative is necessary to keep the epinephrine fresh (epinephrine quickly deteriorates and loses potency otherwise).

Multiple choice

All of the following about nitric oxide are true except that

  1. it causes penile erection

  2. it acts via cAMP

  3. it decreases the vasomotor tone

  4. it is present in cigarette smoke
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nitric oxide acts through cGMP-dependent protein kinase and not through cAMP. It is a vasodilator important in blood pressure regulation involved penile erection. Neurotransmitter in the brain and peripheral ANS inhibits adhesion activation and aggregation of platelets.

Multiple choice

A chemical compound, produced by living cells, circulates in the body fluids and produces a specific effect on the activity of the cells of the target organs away from its point of origin. Which of the following is the chemical compound?

  1. Enzymes

  2. Neurotransmitter

  3. Hormone

  4. Drugs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hormones are produced by living cells, released into blood and act on a site near or distant from the site of production. They can also affect any organ in the body.