Biology · General Awareness

Muscle Biology

798 Questions

Muscle biology covers the structures, functions, and contraction mechanisms of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Test questions target filaments, stimuli, and specific muscle roles. A clear understanding helps secure marks in biology sections.

Skeletal muscle controlCardiac muscle propertiesMuscle contraction mechanismActin and myosin filamentsMuscle functions

Muscle Biology Questions

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

In heart cells, which one a second messenger that speeds up muscle contraction in response to adrenaline 

  1. cAMP

  2. cGMP

  3. GTP

  4. ATP

  5. AMP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Adrenaline binds to its receptors present on the cell surface i.e. plasma membrane. In heart muscles, cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) acts as a second messenger. It increases muscle contraction in response to adrenaline which is a neurotransmitter secreted from adrenal medulla. cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) also acts as a second messenger but it decreases muscle contraction in response to acetylcholine.
So, the correct answer is 'cAMP'.
Multiple choice evs bones skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food components and importance of food

Read the following statements and find out the incorrect statement.
A. About $45-50\%$ of the body weight of a human adult is contributed by muscles.
B. Muscles have special properties like excitability, contractility, extensibility and elasticity.
C. Based on their location, three types of muscles are identified: skeletal, smooth and cardiac.
D. Based on appearance, cardiac muscles are striated. They are involuntary in nature as the nervous system does not control their activity directly.

  1. B & C

  2. A & C

  3. Only A

  4. A & D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  1. A major bulk of body weight; 45−50% is contributed by muscles.
    2. All muscle cells share four primary properties that distinguish them from other cells : excitability, contractility, extensibility and elasticity.
    3. Based on their location, three types of muscles are identified: skeletal, smooth and cardiac.
    4. Cardiac muscles are striated in appearance and myogenic in nature.
    So, none of the given options are incorrect.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestive system of human digestive system - organs process of digestion coordination in the process of digestion

Tongue is made up of?

  1. Smooth muscles

  2. Skeletal muscles

  3. Both (A) and (B)

  4. Cartilage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Answer : 
i) The tongue is composed of skeletal muscle fibers and smooth muscle fibers. 
ii) Unlike the cardiac muscle or smooth muscle of the organs and digestive system, skeletal muscle can be willingly controlled. 
iii) This allows for the tongue's mobility. 
iv) The muscles that lace throughout the organ secure it to surrounding bones and create the floor of the oral cavity. 
v) Mucous membrane covers the skeletal muscle and protects the body from microbes and pathogens.
vi) While muscularis mucosa is composed of a layer of smooth muscle fibers.

So the correct answer is option C. Both (A) and (B).
Multiple choice bio-chemistry coordination in life processes digestive system - organs process of digestion coordination in the process of digestion

Middle part of oesophagus in human being is

  1. Voluntary only

  2. Involuntary only

  3. Both voluntary and involuntary

  4. Skeletal muscles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The oesophagus is a hollow, muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach and also carries food and liquids to the stomach from the mouth.
  • It is usually around 9 to 10 inches in adults which begins at the pharynx and passes behind the trachea or windpipe.
  • The upper part of the oesophagus is made up of striated or voluntary muscles.
  • The middle part is composed of both striated and smooth or involuntary muscles.
  • The lower part is made up of smooth muscles only.
  • The oesophagus consists of two sphincters.
  • The upper oesophagal sphincter is single ringlike cartilage which is both voluntary and involuntary in nature and it prevents food and liquids from entering the windpipe (trachea,)
  • The lower oesophagal sphincter is involuntary and prevents gastric acids from travelling into the oesophagus and it opens into the diaphragm.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Both voluntary and involuntary'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry coordination in life processes digestive system - organs process of digestion coordination in the process of digestion

Muscles of alimentary canal are chiefly _______________.

  1. Striated and Neurogenic

  2. Unstriated and Neurogenic

  3. Striated and Myogenic

  4. Unstriated and Myogenic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The muscles of the alimentary canal are smooth (unstriated) muscles, which are involuntary. Their activity is regulated by the autonomic nervous system and intrinsic plexuses, making them neurogenic.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry coordination in life processes digestive system - organs process of digestion coordination in the process of digestion

Aurebach's plexus is present in between.

  1. Longitudinal and oblique muscles of stomach

  2. Oblique muscles and submucosa

  3. Circular and longitudinal muscles of stomach

  4. Submucosa and mucosa
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Auerbach's plexus (myenteric plexus) is located between the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers of the alimentary canal wall.

Multiple choice

Muscle cells can ___________ and ___________.

  1. relax / eat

  2. contract / withdraw

  3. relax / contract

  4. None of the answers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Muscle cells are specialized for contraction (shortening) and relaxation (returning to their resting length), which allows for movement in the body. They do not "eat" or "withdraw" in a physiological sense.

Multiple choice

What is the largest muscle in your body?

  1. your leg

  2. your arm

  3. your butt

  4. your head
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The gluteus maximus, located in the buttocks, is the largest and heaviest muscle in the human body. It is responsible for keeping the trunk upright and assisting in movements like climbing stairs.

Multiple choice

Of the three types of fibrous connective tissue, which are composed of the same basic protein?

  1. Collagen and Reticular fibers

  2. Collagen and Elastic fibers

  3. Reticular and Elastic fibers

  4. All three
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Both collagen fibers and reticular fibers are composed of collagen proteins (primarily Type I and Type III collagen, respectively). Elastic fibers, on the other hand, are made of the protein elastin. Therefore, collagen and reticular fibers share the same basic protein family.

Multiple choice

Which of the types of connective tissue fibers is the strongest?

  1. Collagen fibers

  2. Elastic fibers

  3. Reticular fibers

  4. Cuticular fibers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Collagen fibers are the strongest and most abundant of the three fiber types, providing high tensile strength to resist pulling forces. Elastic fibers provide stretch and recoil, while reticular fibers form a delicate, supportive network for organs but lack the sheer strength of collagen. Cuticular fibers are not a standard type of human connective tissue fiber.

Multiple choice

What are the three main types of fibers in connective tissue?

  1. Collagen, elastic, reticular

  2. Collagen, thin, and thick

  3. Actin, Collagen, Myosin

  4. Actin, long, thick
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The three primary types of fibers found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues are collagen fibers (for strength), elastic fibers (for flexibility), and reticular fibers (for structural networks). Actin and myosin are intracellular contractile proteins found in muscle tissue, not extracellular connective tissue fibers.

Multiple choice

Which system keeps your structure and support for your body?

  1. Muscular

  2. Nervous

  3. Integumentary

  4. Skeletal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The skeletal system consists of bones and joints that provide the structural framework and support for the entire body. It also protects vital organs and works with muscles to allow movement. Other systems like the nervous or integumentary systems serve different primary functions such as signaling and protection.