Biology · General Awareness

Muscle Biology

798 Questions

Muscle biology covers the structures, functions, and contraction mechanisms of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Test questions target filaments, stimuli, and specific muscle roles. A clear understanding helps secure marks in biology sections.

Skeletal muscle controlCardiac muscle propertiesMuscle contraction mechanismActin and myosin filamentsMuscle functions

Muscle Biology Questions

Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

Which of the following muscle fibres do not show striation and taper at both ends?

  1. Cardiac muscle fibres

  2. Smooth muscle fibres

  3. Skeletal muscle fibres

  4. Voluntary muscle fibres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Smooth muscle fibres are spindle-shaped, taper at both ends, and lack the cross-striations found in skeletal and cardiac muscle fibres.

Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following tissues is most affected due to the deficiency of oxygen? 

  1. Cardiac muscles

  2. Visceral muscles

  3. Hyaline cartilage

  4. Long bones
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When oxygen demand increases, heart rate and cardiac output increase, which increases the flow of blood through the lung and the pressure required to force blood through the arterioles and capillaries of the lung. Due to this, the cardiac muscles are most affected due to deficiency of oxygen. So, the correct option is 'Cardiac muscles'.

Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

One amongst the following is not a property of cardiac muscle fibres

  1. Their T- tubules occur at the level of Z - discs

  2. They are innervated by branches from cranial and spinal nerves

  3. Striated in appearance

  4. Their refractory period is longest
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Cardiac muscle fibres are involuntary and striated in appearance, which is present in the heart. The main characteristic of this is they initiate their rhythmic impulses. Their refractory period is the longest. This type of muscle fibres is innervated by branches from cranial and spinal nerves. Skeletal muscle contains Z-discs to connect the one muscle fibre from another muscle fibres. But cardiac muscle fibres do not contain Z-disc
Thus, the correct answer is 'Their T- tubules occur at the level of Z - discs.'
Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

Which muscles having functionally multinucleated conditions?

  1. Cardiac muscle

  2. Smooth muscle

  3. Voluntary muscle

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Skeletal muscle cells are multinucleated from the fusion of muscle cells. Smooth muscle cells are strictly mononucleated, and cardiac muscle cells are mononucleated in humans. However, cardiac muscle cells are functionally syncytium. They have their cells interconnected with gap junctions, which allow rapid co-ordinated contraction of the muscle cells. The cells, however, are not multinucleated and are not true syncytium (as seen in case of skeletal muscle) but functionally they are syncytium (multinucleated). Therefore, cardiac muscle is functionally multinucleated and skeletal (voluntary) muscle are true multinucleated. So, the correct option is 'Cardiac muscle'.

Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

Skeletal muscles are controlled by?

  1. Sympathetic nervous system

  2. Parasympathetic nervous system

  3. Somatic nervous system

  4. Sympathetic and parasympathetic both
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The somatic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles. The somatic nervous system consists of afferent nerves or sensory nerves, and efferent nerves or motor nerves.
  • Skeletal muscle is a form of striated muscle tissue, which is under the voluntary control of the somatic nervous system. 
  • Hence Skeletal muscles are controlled by Somatic nervous system.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Somatic nervous system'.
Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

The type of muscle fibre present in the wall of alimentary canal is 

  1. smooth muscle fibre

  2. striped muscle fibre

  3. cardiac muscle fibre

  4. both (a) and (b)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The wall of the gut or the alimentary canal is made up of smooth muscle fibres. The presence of these muscles makes it an involuntary organ.
So, the correct answer is 'smooth muscle fibre'.
Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

Which of the following statements is incorrect ?

  1. Smooth muscles are ,found in urinary bladder, alimentary canal and genital

  2. A striated muscle Is a syncylium Le., a multinudeate structure

  3. The cytoplasm of striated muscle is called endoplasm

  4. The plasma membrane and ER of striated muscles are called sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum respectively
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Smooth muscles are found in the urinary bladder, alimentary canal, and genitals. They are involuntary muscles and have a major role in the transport of substances.
So, the correct answer is ' Smooth muscles are found in urinary bladder, alimentary canal and genital'.
Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

Which one of the following is correct pairing of a body part and like kind of muscle tissue that moves it ?

  1. Iris Involuntary smooth muscle

  2. Heart wall Involuntary unstriated muscle

  3. Biceps of upper arm smooth muscle fibers

  4. Abdominal wall smooth muscle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The iris of the eye contains involuntary smooth muscle fibers that control the size of the pupil.

Multiple choice biology animal tissue muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

Select the correct option:

Which one of the following is correct pairing of a body part with the kind of muscle tissue present in it?

  1. Biceps of upper arm- Smooth muscle fibres

  2. Abdominal wall- Voluntary smooth muscle

  3. Iris- Involuntary smooth muscle

  4. Heart wall- Involuntary unstriated muscle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Involuntary smooth muscles are those muscles that are not under the control of our will and are without any striations (stripes). Iris has involuntary smooth muscle. Biceps of upper arm have  striated muscle fibres and abdominal wall has involuntary smooth muscles. Heart wall has involuntary striated muscle.

Multiple choice zoology tissue level of organisation muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

What is sarcomere ?

  1. Part between two H-lines

  2. Part between two A-lines

  3. Part between two I-bands

  4. Part between two Z-lines
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The sarcomeres are fibrous protein filaments that slide past one another when the muscle contracts or relaxes. It is basically the region between two Z-bands.
So, the correct answer is 'Part between two Z-lines'.
.
Multiple choice zoology tissue level of organisation muscle tissue structure of protein muscle tissues

The calcium calmodulin complex is formed during contraction which of the following muscle fibres?

  1. Skeletal muscles fibre

  2. Cardiac muscles fibre

  3. White muscles fibre

  4. Smooth muscles fibre
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Unlike skeletal and cardiac muscles which use troponin to bind calcium, smooth muscles rely on the calcium-calmodulin complex to activate myosin light chain kinase for contraction.

Multiple choice biology plant and animal tissues nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

Nerve cells do not possess

  1. Neurilemma

  2. Sarcolemma

  3. Dendrite

  4. Axon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cells of the nervous system are called nerve cells or neurons. Neurons have specialized cell parts, called dendrites and axons. A thin sheath covers the axon of the nerve cell. This sheath is called as neurilemma. The sarcolemma also called the myolemma, is the cell membrane of a striated muscle fiber cell. It is not present in the nerve cell.