Mountains, Hills, and Trekking Geography

The Himalayas extend approximately 2,400 km west-to-east from Nanga Parbat (8,126m) in Pakistan's Gilgit-Baltistan region to Namcha Barwa (7,782m) in Tibet's Himalayas. This arc forms the boundary between the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan Plateau.

Jammu & Kashmir is described as the most northerly and mountainous state of India, sprawling over the Western Himalayas and Karakoram Mountains. This geographical description fits Jammu & Kashmir perfectly as it contains both mountain ranges and is India's northernmost state. Assam, Himachal Pradesh, and Meghalaya do not match this description.

Aksai Chin is located in the northeastern corner of Jammu and Kashmir (now Ladakh UT). It is a high-altitude desert that is currently under Chinese control but claimed by India. It is not along the Zaskar Mountains, south of Siachen Glacier, or near Leh (which are all different geographical locations in the region).

The Aravalli range is one of the oldest mountain systems in the world, dating back approximately 2.5 billion years. Originally much taller, extensive erosion over geological time has reduced them to their present residual form.

The Aravalli range is the oldest mountain system in India, dating back approximately 2.5 billion years to the Proterozoic era. This makes it significantly older than the relatively young Himalayas (50 million years) and other Indian ranges.

The Himalayas are young fold mountains formed by the ongoing collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates, making them geologically young (approximately 50 million years old). The Vindhyas, Nilgiris, and Western Ghats are much older landforms.

K-2 (Godwin Austin), standing at 8,611 meters on the China-Pakistan border, is the world's second-highest peak after Mount Everest. Kanchenjunga is third, and Lhotse is fourth. Nandadevi is India's second-highest peak but ranks globally much lower.

Anaimudi (Anamudi) is the highest peak in South India at 2,695 meters, located in the Western Ghats of Kerala.

Siwaliks (Shivalik) are the foothills of the Himalayan ranges, located south of the main Himalayas and north of the Indo-Gangetic plains.

Khasi Hills receive the maximum rainfall as Mawsynram (in Khasi Hills) is the wettest place on Earth with highest average annual rainfall.

Kanchenjunga - 8,586 metres (28,169 feet) Kamet - 7,756 m (25,446 ft) Nanda Devi - 7,816 m (25,643 ft) Nanga Parbat - 8,126 m (26,660 ft)

K2, also known as Godwin-Austen, is the highest mountain peak in India at 8,611 meters. It is located in the Karakoram range in the Union Territory of Ladakh (formerly part of Jammu and Kashmir). Mount Everest, though higher, is in Nepal and China, not India. Nanga Parbat is in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.

Nanda Devi is the second-highest peak in India and is located in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand. It forms part of the Kumaon Himalayas, not the Nepal, Punjab, or Assam Himalayas which are distinct geographical sections of the Himalayan range.

The Blue Mountains (locally known as Phawngpui) is indeed the highest peak in Mizoram, reaching an elevation of approximately 2,157 meters. The other options listed - Himanchal Pradesh, Karnataka, and Kerala - have different highest peaks. For example, Kerala's highest peak is Anamudi, while Himanchal Pradesh has several higher peaks in the Himalayan range.

Barren Island, located in the Andaman Sea, is India's only active volcano. It last erupted in 2017-2018 and continues to show volcanic activity. The other options are volcanoes in Indonesia (Krakatoa), Italy (Etna), and USA (Rainier).