Mountains, Hills, and Trekking Geography

Correct answer is (2).

The Alps are the most extensive and highest mountain range system in Europe, stretching across eight countries. While other ranges exist in Europe, the Alps are widely considered the greatest in terms of size, prominence, and significance. The Andes are in South America, and the Himalayas are in Asia.

Darjeeling Himalayan Railway runs from New Jalpaiguri (NJP) to Darjeeling, covering about 88 km. Ghum is the highest station on the route, not the starting point. Kurseong and Mirik are also on the route but not the origin.

The world’s highest golf course is located in Gulmarg.

Purvanchal refers to the eastern hills of India, comprising the Patkai Bum, Naga Hills, Manipur Hills, and Mizo Hills. These ranges form the eastern extension of the Himalayas and separate India from Myanmar. Option A refers to hills in Meghalaya, while C and D mention hills in peninsular India.

Flood basalt province, this type of volcano pour out fluid lava that flows for large distance.

The Vosges is a block mountain range in France, formed by faulting where large blocks of rock are uplifted between faults. Fold mountains like the Alps and Andes are formed by tectonic plate compression.

This is the correct option. This belongs to the Zone 4 or the Damage Risk Zone.

The Valley of Flowers National Park is located in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, in the northwestern part of the Himalayas. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is known for its meadows of endemic alpine flowers and stunning landscapes. Discovered by mountaineer Frank Smythe in 1931, the valley is part of the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve and is famous for its diverse flora that blooms during monsoon.

The Aravalli range is the oldest mountain system in India, dating back to the Precambrian era (over 2.5 billion years ago). The Himalayas are relatively young (50 million years), while Satpura and Nilgiri ranges are also much younger than the Aravallis.

Shipki La is a Himalayan pass located in the Sutlej Valley, connecting Himachal Pradesh with Tibet. It is one of the important border trade routes between India and China. The pass is situated in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh where the Sutlej River flows, not in Chandra, Hunza, or Nubra valleys.

The Andes mountain range is located in South America, stretching along the western edge of the continent through seven countries (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina). At about 7,000 km long, it is the longest continental mountain range in the world and contains the highest peaks in the Western Hemisphere.

The Himalaya mountain range contains the world's highest peaks including Mount Everest (8,849m), K2, and Kangchenjunga. It stretches across five countries in South Asia and is home to nine of the ten highest peaks on Earth.