Modern Indian History

Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated on 21 May 1991. Therefore, 21 May 2010 marked his 19th death anniversary (2010 - 1991 = 19). This tragic event occurred during an election campaign in Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu.

Rajiv Gandhi, the former Prime Minister of India, was born on August 20, 1944. This is a well-documented biographical fact. The question asks for what August 20, 1944 signifies in relation to Rajiv Gandhi.

The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) were responsible for the assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi on May 21, 1991, at Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, using a female suicide bomber.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy is correctly called the Father of the Bengal Renaissance. He founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828, led social reforms including the abolition of Sati, and championed modern education and women's rights in colonial Bengal. Ravi Varma was a painter from Kerala, Satyajit Ray was a 20th-century filmmaker, and Vivekananda, though a Bengali, was a spiritual leader who came later.

Mahatma Gandhi is correctly identified as not being from West Bengal. He was born in Porbandar, Gujarat in 1869 and led the independence movement from across India. The other options are all associated with Bengal - Swami Vivekananda was born in Kolkata, Rabindranath Tagore lived and worked in Kolkata, and Satyajit Ray was a Bengali filmmaker based in the city.

Mahatma Gandhi (M.K. Gandhi) was assassinated on January 30, 1948, by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist, during a prayer meeting at Birla House in New Delhi. Indira Gandhi was assassinated in 1984, Rajiv Gandhi in 1991, while Sanjay Gandhi died in a plane crash in 1980. The question asks about the 1948 assassination, which matches Gandhi's death.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar (now in Gujarat). This date is well-documented across biographical sources and is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti in India. 1868, 1870, and 1871 are incorrect years.

Gandhi arrived in South Africa (Durban, not Cape Town, though the option assumes South Africa) in 1893 to work on a legal case. He remained in South Africa for 21 years (1893-1914) before returning to India. 1887 is too early (he was still in India/England), 1890 is incorrect, and 1898 is too late (he was already active in South Africa by then).

Gandhi founded the Natal Indian Congress in 1894 to organize Indians in South Africa and fight for their rights, particularly against discriminatory laws. The Indian National Congress (1885) was already established in India. 'Indian Non Residents Confederation' and 'Indians Congress of South Africa' are incorrect or fictional names. The NIC was Gandhi's first political organization.

Shanti Van (Peace Forest) in New Delhi is the memorial site where India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was cremated. Shahid Sthal is for other leaders, while Shanti Bhoomi and Veer Bhoomi are not the correct names.

Raj Ghat in Delhi is the memorial to Mahatma Gandhi, marking his cremation site on the banks of the Yamuna River. The other options are incorrect: Gandhi Ashram (Sabarmati) is where he lived, while Raj Bhoomi and Raj Path are not associated with Gandhi memorials.

Lal Bahadur Shastri, India's second Prime Minister, passed away on January 11, 1966, in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, shortly after signing the Tashkent Agreement with Pakistan. His death anniversary is observed annually on this date. January 12, 13, and 15 are incorrect dates.

Ras Behari Bose, a key figure in India's independence movement and organizer of the Indian National Army, passed away on January 21, 1945, in Japan. January 15, 19, and 11 are incorrect - these are death anniversaries of other leaders (Lal Bahadur Shastri and Maharana Pratap).

The Planning Commission was established in March 1950 through a Government of India resolution to formulate and execute the Five-Year Plans for the country's economic development. It was created shortly after the Constitution came into effect, with its first Five-Year Plan launched in 1951. The Planning Commission has since been replaced by NITI Aayog in 2015.