Modern Indian History

The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 by A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant. The first session was held in Bombay from December 28-31, 1885, with 72 delegates attending to discuss political reforms for India.

The Deccan Educational Society was founded in 1884 by M.G. Ranade along with other leaders like G.K. Gokhale. While Gokhale was a prominent member, Ranade was the primary founder. Tilak founded the Deccan Education Club earlier, and Dadabhai Naoroji was associated with different educational initiatives.

Chennai's first theatre, 'Elephanta' (later known as 'Broadway'), was established in 1916 (Option B). This marked the beginning of Chennai's theatrical culture, which would grow into a major hub for Tamil and other regional cinema. Options A and D are close but incorrect years, while C marks Indian independence, unrelated to theatre establishment.

Indira Gandhi was born on November 19, 1917, in Allahabad. She served as India's first and only female Prime Minister from 1966-1977 and again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. The other dates are incorrect - September 27 is associated with other figures, January 19 and July 25 don't match her birth date.

Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat. This date is now celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti (national holiday) and International Day of Non-Violence by the UN. He led India's independence movement and is known globally for his philosophy of nonviolent resistance.

Pingali Venkaiah from Andhra Pradesh designed the Indian national flag. He was a freedom fighter who designed the flag in 1946, which was adopted with modifications by the Constituent Assembly in 1947.

The Economic Times uses 'The Power of Knowledge' as its tagline, reflecting its focus on business journalism and financial information. This slogan emphasizes the value of informed decision-making in business. The Pioneer, The Hindu, and The Daily Telegraph have different editorial positioning.

This quote is from Winston Churchill's famous speech at Harrow School in 1941 during WWII. He was encouraging British resilience during the Blitz. The quote is historically accurate and well-documented. Hitler and Stalin were Churchill's enemies, while Subhash Chandra Bose was an Indian independence leader - none of them said this.

M. Visvesvaraya (Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya) was the first recipient of the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in 1954. He was a renowned civil engineer and statesman. Swami Vivekananda (1955), Sarojini Naidu (1965), and Rabindranath Tagore (1956 - who refused it) were not the first recipients.

Subhas Chandra Bose, one of India's most prominent freedom fighters and the founder of the Indian National Army (INA), was born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Odisha. This date is historically documented and celebrated annually in India. The other dates (March 20, 1895; May 13, 1896; July 10, 1891) are incorrect.

James Hicky, an Irishman, introduced India's first printing press in 1780 with 'Hicky's Bengal Gazette'. Lord Canning was a Governor-General, while S.P. Sinha and S.H.F. Manekshaw were not associated with printing press introduction.

This refers to a famous comedy dialogue from Tamil cinema where Senthil asks Goundamani this question. The specific line about 'Soppana Sundari' (referring to a classic car model, the Fiat 1100) is a well-known comedic exchange between the legendary duo that plays on the nostalgia for old cars. The humor comes from the casual way Senthil asks who would now drive such a classic beauty.

Gulzarilal Nanda served as Acting Prime Minister of India twice, each time for short periods following the deaths of sitting Prime Ministers. First in 1964 after Nehru's death (13 days), then again in 1966 after Shastri's death (13 days). So he served on 2 separate occasions, making option C correct. The total duration was approximately 26 days across both terms.