Modern Indian History

The Kolkata Metro was India's first underground railway system, beginning operations in 1984. It was also the first metro in the entire country, preceding Delhi's metro by nearly two decades.

The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885. The first session was held in Bombay from December 28-31, 1885, with AO Hume as the key organizer. This is a foundational fact in modern Indian history and the independence movement.

Mahatma Gandhi became the President of the Indian National Congress in 1924 and presided over the Belgaum session. This was a significant period in the independence movement where Gandhi's leadership was pivotal. The other years (1925-1927) are incorrect as Gandhi was not the INC President during those years.

Sonia Gandhi has served as the Congress President for the longest continuous period since 1998, spanning over 20 years. While the question phrasing 'most number of times' is ambiguous (could mean multiple separate terms or longest total duration), Sonia Gandhi's record tenure makes her the correct answer among the given options.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was born on October 2, 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat. He was a key leader in India's independence movement and pioneered the philosophy of non-violent resistance.

To solve this question, the user needs to know about the life of Mahatma Gandhi and his principles. The user must also be familiar with the incident of Gandhi stealing and his confession letter.

The answer to the question is:

The Answer is: A. Father

Explanation:

In his autobiography "The Story of My Experiments with Truth", Mahatma Gandhi narrated an incident where he stole gold from his brother to support his smoking habit. Later, he wrote a confession letter to his father, apologizing for his actions and promising never to steal again. Gandhi asked his father to punish him adequately and teach him a lesson. Therefore, the letter was addressed to his father.

Gandhiji defined Swaraj as freedom for the poorest and most vulnerable Indians, not just political independence. His famous quote: 'Swaraj for the masses means the art of being one's own self in relation to the poorest of the country.' This distinguished his vision from mere political freedom.

Motilal Nehru made this comparison between Gandhiji's Dandi March (1930) and Ram's journey to Lanka in the Ramayana. The analogy drew on the epic cultural significance of Ram's journey to describe the salt march's historical importance.

To answer this question, the user needs to be familiar with Mahatma Gandhi's philosophy and his principles.

Gandhiji considered Ahimsa (non-violence) and truth as his two lungs, which means that both of these principles were essential to him and that he could not practice one without the other.

Now, let's go through each option and explain why it is right or wrong:

A. Ahimsa and peace: This option is incorrect. While peace was an important principle for Gandhiji, it was not one of the two lungs he referred to.

B. Truth and Peace: This option is incorrect. While truth and peace were both important principles for Gandhiji, they were not the two lungs he referred to.

C. Ahimsa and truth: This option is correct. Gandhiji considered Ahimsa and truth as his two lungs. Both of these principles were essential to him, and he believed that they were inseparable.

D. Brahamcharya and Aparigriha: This option is incorrect. While Brahamcharya (celibacy) and Aparigriha (non-possession) were important to Gandhiji, they were not the two lungs he referred to.

The Answer is: C

To answer this question, the user must have knowledge of the life of Mahatma Gandhi.

Gandhiji's father's name was Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi. He was a prominent figure in Porbandar, an Indian city in Gujarat.

Now, let's review each option to determine which one is correct:

A. Farmer: This option is incorrect. Although farming was a common occupation in Gandhi's native Gujarat, his father was not a farmer.

B. Diwan: This option is correct. Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi was a diwan, a high-ranking official who served as a chief minister of Porbandar and later Rajkot.

C. Shopkeeper: This option is incorrect. Although some of Gandhi's relatives were shopkeepers, his father was not.

D. Tehsildar: This option is incorrect. A tehsildar is a revenue officer in India, which was not the profession of Gandhi's father.

Therefore, The Answer is: B. Diwan.

Rahul Gandhi has been the Member of Parliament from the Amethi constituency in Uttar Pradesh. The Gandhi family has had a long-standing political association with Amethi, with Rahul Gandhi representing it in the Lok Sabha. Varun Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi are not associated with this constituency.

Shah Rukh Khan was born on November 2, 1965 at Talwar Nursing Home in Delhi. This is a well-documented biographical fact about the Bollywood superstar. His parents were Meer Taj Mohammed Khan and Lateef Fatima Khan.

Mahatma Gandhi is affectionately called 'Bapu' (Father) in India. The term was first used by Subhas Chandra Bose and later became widespread. Nehru was the first Prime Minister and is called 'Chacha Nehru' (Uncle Nehru) by children.