Modern Indian History

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is officially called the 'Father of the Nation' in India for his leadership of the Indian independence movement. Subhash Chandra Bose was a freedom fighter but not given this title. Sachin Tendulkar is a cricket legend, and Jamshedji Tata was an industrialist.

India gained independence on 15th August 1947 after nearly 200 years of British rule. 1950 is when India became a Republic (Constitution adopted). 1857 was the First War of Independence. 2009 is a recent year unrelated to independence.

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay composed Vande Mataram in 1876 for his novel Anandamath. It became India's national song and inspired freedom fighters. Tagore wrote Jana Gana Mana.

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada founded the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) in New York City in 1966. Bhakti Siddhanta was his guru.

The Indian National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on July 22, 1947, 24 days before independence. It became the official flag of the Dominion of India. August 15, 1947 was Independence Day, and January 26, 1950 was Republic Day - neither is the adoption date.

India played its first Test match in 1932 against England at Lord's, led by CK Nayudu. This marked India's entry to Test cricket. 1930, 1928, and 1889 are incorrect years for this milestone.

Dadabhai Naoroji is known as the 'Grand Old Man of India' for his pioneering role in India's independence movement, economic critique of British rule, and as one of the first Indian leaders to demand self-rule.

The Cabinet Mission arrived in India in 1946 to discuss the transfer of power from British rule to Indian leadership. This crucial mission proposed a framework for India's independence and constitutional structure.

George Joseph's statue is located at the Yanaikkal (Elephant Corner) road junction in Madurai. George Joseph was a prominent Indian politician and lawyer from Tamil Nadu who served as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India. The Yanaikkal junction is a well-known landmark in Madurai.

Dr. Amartya Sen, the Nobel Prize-winning Indian economist and philosopher, authored 'The Idea of Justice' (2009). This major work explores theories of justice and proposes comparative approaches to realizing justice in society. The other options are incorrect: Singh was Prime Minister, Gandhi was a politician, and Mandela wrote 'Long Walk to Freedom'.

The first-ever First-Class cricket match in India was played in 1864 between Calcutta and Madras. This marked the beginning of formal First-Class cricket in the country. The other years (1863, 1866, 1869) are not historically accurate for this milestone.

The first official First-Class cricket match in India was played in 1892-93, which is recognized as the beginning of the formal First-Class cricket era in the country. This distinction differs from earlier exhibition matches. The other seasons listed are not correct.

The Indian cricket team played their first Test match in 1932 against England at Lord's. This marked India's debut in Test cricket. The other years (1931, 1933, 1934) are not correct for this milestone.

Telugu was declared the official language of Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956, when the state was formed for Telugu-speaking people. This date coincides with India's linguistic reorganization of states.

The first cricket club established by Indians was the Oriental Cricket Club in 1848 in Mumbai. This marked an important milestone in Indian sports history during the colonial period.