Modern Indian History

Mohammed Ali Jinnah proposed the two-nation theory arguing that Hindus and Muslims were two separate nations requiring separate countries. This ideology became the basis for Pakistan's creation in 1947. Jinnah advocated for a separate Muslim homeland.

Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875 in Bombay. It is a Hindu reform movement that promotes values based on the Vedas.

Winston Churchill famously referred to Mahatma Gandhi as a seditious middle temple lawyer, now posing as a fakir of a type well known in the East, striding half-naked up the steps of the Viceregal palace.

The Sachar Committee was established by the Indian government to prepare a report on the social, economic, and educational status of the Muslim community in India.

The first passenger train in India ran between Mumbai (Bori Bunder) and Thane on April 16, 1853.

The capital of India was officially shifted from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911 during the Delhi Durbar.

Mahatma Gandhi started the newspaper 'Indian Opinion' in 1903 while living in South Africa.

The Home Rule Movement in India was launched in 1916 by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak to advocate for self-rule.

Mahatma Gandhi felt the importance of establishment of 'Gram Raj' in India because villages are the backbone of the nation and help for the welfare of all people. 

The phrase 'Workers of the World, Unite!' is one of the most famous slogans from The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Pingali Venkayya is credited with designing the Indian National Flag, which was adopted in its present form in 1947.

LIC of India was established in 1956. The demand for nationalization of life insurance industry was made repeatedly in the past but it gathered momentum in 1944 when a bill to amend the Life Insurance Act 1938 was introduced in the Legislative Assembly. It was much later on the 19th of January, 1956, that life insurance in India was nationalized. 

The Indian Independence Act 1947 received royal assent on July 18, 1947, but the bill was introduced and passed through the British Parliament in July 1947.

Henry Louis Vivian Derozio was an Indian poet and assistant headmaster of Hindu College, Kolkata, a radical thinker and one of the first Indian educators to disseminate Western learning and science among the young men of Bengal.

On May 12 1921, Mahatma Gandhi came to Shimla in order to have a meeting with the Viceroy. He gave a speech to the people in the Id-Gaha Maidan.