Modern Indian History

Mahatma Gandhi's first Satyagraha movement in India was the Champaran Satyagraha in 1917. It was launched to support indigo farmers against the oppressive plantation system.

Mahatma Gandhi gave the 'Do or Die' slogan during the Quit India Movement in 1942. It became a rallying cry for the Indian independence movement.

Satyagraha is defined as the force of truth, which Gandhi paired with the principle of non-violence, or Ahimsa, as the core of his political philosophy.

The two foundational pillars of Gandhi's political and moral philosophy were Ahimsa (non-violence) and Satyagraha (truth-force/passive resistance).

The Champaran Satyagraha, Gandhi's first major civil disobedience movement in India, took place in 1917 to support indigo farmers.

The Kheda Satyagraha was organized by Gandhi and Vallabhai Patel in 1918 to protest against the collection of taxes from farmers despite crop failure.

In 1920, Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement to support the Khilafat cause and protest against British policies in India.

The All India Kisan Sabha was formed in 1936 at the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress to address the grievances of the peasantry.

Vallabhai Patel rose to national prominence through his leadership and organizational skills during the Kheda Satyagraha in 1918.

The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was formed in 1920 in Mumbai ( then Bombay). It was India first national trade union federation. Pune, Jaipur, and Selam ( likely Salem) are incorrect - the founding happened in Bombay Presidency.

The Lahore session of the Indian National Congress in 1929, presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, passed the Purna Swaraj resolution and authorized the launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement.

The discussions held at the three Round Table Conferences (1930-1932) culminated in the Government of India Act of 1935.

The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed on 5 March 1931, leading to the suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Viceroy Lord Irwin agreed to release political prisoners and relax salt laws. Orwell is not correct, Wellesley was a historical figure, and lord is incomplete.

The Civil Disobedience Movement involved various forms of protest, including the violation of salt laws, non-payment of taxes, and the boycott of foreign goods.