Biology

Microbes and Plant Diseases

1,145 Questions

Microbes and plant diseases examine the role of fungi, bacteria, and viruses in causing infections in plants and humans. Topics cover symbiotic associations like mycorrhiza, fungal structures, and specific agricultural pathogens. Practice these biology questions to master microbiology concepts for upcoming competitive examinations.

Fungal associationsPlant pathogensMicrobial structuresBacterial infections

Microbes and Plant Diseases Questions

Multiple choice botany biodiversity and classification common diseases in humans epidemics transmission of diseases

The body of fungus is known as________

  1. hypha

  2. mycelium

  3. rhizoid

  4. fruiting body
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A.Hypha – a filament of mycelium is called hypha.

B.mycelium – a network of filamentous structure appear in the body of fungus is called mycelium.

C.Rhizoid -  root like hyphae appear in some fungi are called rhizoids.

D.Fruiting body – specialised structure formed after fertilizaiton in ascomyetis and basidiomycetis fungi is called fruiting body. It is made up of secondary mycelium.

So, the correct option is ‘mycelium’.

Multiple choice botany biodiversity and classification common diseases in humans epidemics transmission of diseases

The fungi are

  1. Autotrophic

  2. Holotrophic

  3. Chemotrophic

  4. Heterotrophic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fungi are multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophs, that acquire their nutrients by absorption. Heterotrophic nutrition is a type of nutrition which is obtained by digested organic compounds. They feed on dead or decaying organic matter.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology economic importance of bacteria and fungi common diseases in humans epidemics transmission of diseases

Select incorrect statement w.r.t edible mushrooms ____________________.

  1. Rhizomorph do not have root cap like structure

  2. Spawn is used for their culture

  3. Edible part is actually basidiocarp

  4. Dikaryotisation occurs by crozier formation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Root caps are the growing part of the roots present at the tips of the roots and are formed by parenchymal cells. Rhizomorphs also have a root cap like structure and hence the first statement is incorrect. So the right answer is option 'Rhizomorph do not have root cap like structure'.

Multiple choice business organisation and correspondence environmental pollution and industries air pollution and its effects the environment and us environment and conservation

Anthracosis is caused by

  1. Iron dust

  2. Coal dust

  3. Cane fibre

  4. Silica
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Anthracosis is the clinical disorders of the respiratory tract that is caused due to deposition of the coal dust due to inhalation of polluted air. It is a form of pneumoconiosis. Due to this, the lungs are rendered black in colour. It is also called the Miner's disease as the coal mine workers are worst affected by it. It affects the bronchi and alveoli surface area. This illness can be seen in smokers as well. Pulmonary emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the severe effects of anthracosis. 

Hence, the correct answer is 'Coal dust'.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

Pathogenic entity that is responsible for the production of tumour in most dicot plants is

  1. Retrovirus

  2. Bacteriophage

  3. Ti plasmid

  4. Vector
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Agrobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that causes tumors in plants. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the most commonly studied species in this genus. It contains "Ti" plasmid or tumor inducing plasmid, that causes  crown-gall disease in plants. The disease is characterised by a tumour-like growth or gall on the infected plant, often at the junction between the root and the shoot. Tumors are incited by the conjugative transfer of a DNA segment (T-DNA) from the bacterial tumour-inducing (Ti) plasmid to the plant cell naturally when the bacterium infects the plant through  a wound.


So, the correct answer is 'Ti plasmid'

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

The resistant variety of rice to bacterial blight is

  1. Jaya

  2. TMK-6

  3. IR-20

  4. IR-8
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Xanthomonas campestris causes bacterial blight of rice which is one of the most important diseases of rice in most of the rice-growing countries. Bacterial blight of rice has high epidemic potential and is destructive to high-yielding cultivars in both temperate and tropical regions especially in Asia.
  • IR8 is a high-yielding semi-dwarf rice variety developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the early 1960s. It is the resistant variety of rice to bacterial blight.
So, the correct answer is 'IR-8'

Multiple choice evs eat when you need food poisoning and food preservation methods food spoilage, adulteration and preservation food spoilage and adulteration

Which of the following causes food poisoning ?

  1. Aspergillus

  2. Rhizopus

  3. Xanthomaonas

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The symptoms of food poisoning arise due to the presence of bacteria or other microbes in food and due to the ingestion of toxins contained in food. Some bacteria like Clostridium and Staphylococci and fungi like Aspergillus cause food poisoning.

Multiple choice botany adaptations to different ecosystems lichen lichens lichens ( the nature's pioneers )

The fungal component of lichen is called?

  1. Phycobiont

  2. Photobiont

  3. Mycobiont

  4. Symbiont
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Lichens are the symbiotic associations i.e; mutually useful associations between algae and fungi. The algal component is known as phycobiont and the fungal component is known as mycobiont. Algae prepare food for fungi and fungi provide shelter and absorb mineral nutrients and water for its partner.  option C is the answer