Medieval and Islamic History

The Peacock Throne (Takht-i-Taus) was commissioned by Shah Jahan in 1628 and took seven years to craft with extensive gold, precious stones, and the famous Koh-i-Noor diamond. It was looted by Nadir Shah in 1739 and later destroyed, but its legacy endures as a symbol of Mughal opulence and craftsmanship.

Shab-e-Barat (Night of Fortune) is observed on the 15th night of Shaaban, the 8th month of Islamic calendar. It's not in Ramalan, Muharram, or Dhulhajj.

Alauddin Khalji (1296-1316) introduced an elaborate market control mechanism including price regulation, supply control, and a rationing system to maintain stable prices for essential commodities in his empire. Iltutmish, Balban, and Firoze Tughlaq did not implement such comprehensive market controls.

Inzamam-ul-Haq earned the nickname 'Sultan of Multan' after his famous innings against India in Multan. Younis Khan, Abdul Razzak, and Shahid Afridi were also Pakistani cricketers but not associated with this nickname.

Shah Jahan was the father of Aurangzeb. Shah Jahan (r. 1628-1658) was the fifth Mughal emperor and fathered several children including Aurangzeb, who eventually ascended the throne after a bitter war of succession against his brother Dara Shikoh.

Masjid Negara (National Mosque) in Kuala Lumpur is Malaysia's national mosque, not to be confused with India's Jama Masjid or Bahrain's Al Fateh Mosque. It features a distinctive modern design with a 73-meter minaret.

The Red Fort was constructed by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan between 1638 and 1648 when he shifted his capital from Agra to Delhi. It took nearly 10 years to complete this magnificent monument. The other emperors were important Mughal rulers but not associated with the Red Fort's construction.

Nader Shah, the Persian emperor, gave the Kohinoor its current name meaning 'Mountain of Light' (Koh-i-noor) after acquiring it in 1739. He was so mesmerized by the diamond's brilliance that he bestowed this name upon it.

Kulfi, the traditional Indian frozen dessert, was introduced during the Mughal era. The Mughals brought the technique of using ice and salt to freeze milk-based desserts. It's not attributed to Mauryas, Marathas, or Pathans.

According to historical accounts, Humayun once crowned a water-carrier named Nizam (or Nizamuddin) as king for a day as part of a royal vow or gesture. This anecdote appears in Mughal chronicles illustrating Humayun's spontaneous nature. Birbal and Akbar were associated with a later era.

Babur founded the Mughal Empire in India in 1526 after defeating Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat. Akbar was the third emperor, while Aibak and Iltutmish were part of the earlier Delhi Sultanate.

Jama Masjid, India's largest mosque, was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan between 1644-1656. It was constructed using more than 5,000 workers and cost 1 million rupees at that time. The mosque can hold 25,000 worshippers. Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri, Babur was the first Mughal emperor, and Humayun built Humayun's Tomb.

Ustad Isa Khan is widely regarded as the chief architect of the Taj Mahal, though some sources suggest it was a collaborative effort. The other options listed are not documented as chief architects of this monument.