Medieval and Islamic History

The reign of Shah Jahan is widely regarded as the Golden Age of Mughal architecture, as he commissioned many iconic structures including the Taj Mahal.

The Kirtistambha (Tower of Fame) at Chittorgarh was built by Rana Kumbha in the 15th century to commemorate his victory over the combined armies of Malwa and Gujarat.

Feroz Shah Tughlaq established the city of Jaunpur in memory of his cousin, Muhammad bin Tughlaq, whose original name was Jauna Khan.

The Jama Masjid in Delhi was commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shahjahan and completed in 1656.

Javid Khan served under Ahmad Shah (1748-1754), Safdarjang served as Wazir from 1748 to 1753, and Imad-ul-Mulk became Wazir in 1754. The chronological order is Javid Khan, Safdarjang, and Imad-ul-Mulk.

Changez Khan reached the Indus river in 1221 during the reign of Iltutmish, who wisely refused to provide asylum to the Khwarizm prince Jalaluddin, thereby avoiding a Mongol invasion.

Ghayasuddin Tughlaq reigned from 1320 to 1325. During his short reign, there were no major Mongol invasions of the Delhi Sultanate, unlike the reigns of Iltutmish, Balban, or Alauddin Khalji, who all faced significant Mongol threats.

Fatwa-i-Alamgiri is a monumental digest of Islamic law compiled in the 17th century in Arabic under the patronage of Emperor Aurangzeb.

The Taj Mahal was commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan to house the tomb of his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal.

While Jinnah joined later, the All-India Muslim League was founded in 1906 by figures including Nawab Salimullah, and Muhammad Iqbal is often credited with the ideological foundation.

Din-i-Ilahi was a syncretic religion or spiritual leadership program propounded by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1582.

Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, marking the beginning of the Mughal Empire in India.

Ain-i-Akbari is a detailed document recording the administration of the Mughal Empire under Akbar, written by his court historian Abul Fazl.