Commerce Accountancy

Management and Organizational Behavior

2,434 Questions

Management and organizational behavior explore how individuals and groups interact within an organization. This hub covers motivation theories, leadership styles, and delegation. These topics are essential for commerce students and competitive exam aspirants.

Work motivation theoriesLeadership stylesDelegation of authorityOrganizational structure typesPerformance appraisal aimsGroup dynamics and social loafing

Management and Organizational Behavior Questions

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: According to F.W. Riggs, Comparative Public Administration involves a shift from

  1. normative to empirical.
  2. non-ecological to ecological.
  3. idiographic to nomothetic.
  4. inter-disciplinary to intra-disciplinary. Which of these is/are correct?

  1. Only 1

  2. 1 and 2

  3. 1, 2 and 3

  4. 2, 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

F.W. Riggs identified three major trends in the development of Comparative Public Administration: a shift from normative to empirical studies, from idiographic to nomothetic approaches, and from non-ecological to ecological perspectives. Statement 4 is incorrect as the field became more inter-disciplinary.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: The New Public Management perspective

  1. theorises proactive participation of public-minded communities.
  2. emphasizes on inter-agency adhocracies.
  3. does not dismiss non-public administrative structures as extra legal.
  4. concentrates on existing institutions, organisations and bureaucracies. Which of these is/are correct?

  1. Only 1

  2. 2 and 3

  3. 3 and 4

  4. 1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The New Public Management (NPM) perspective encourages the proactive participation of communities and non-state actors in governance. It seeks to move away from rigid, existing bureaucracies (contradicting statement 4) and utilizes non-public structures for service delivery.

Multiple choice

The emergence of 'New Public Administration' is associated with:

  1. Comparative Administration Group

  2. Minnowobrook Conference

  3. American Society of Public Administration

  4. National Association of Schools of Public Administration

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Minnowbrook Conference of 1968, chaired by Dwight Waldo, is the landmark event most closely associated with the birth of New Public Administration. It brought together young scholars to discuss the relevance and values of the field. Other groups like the CAG focused more on comparative and developmental administration.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are the main features of a secondary group? 1. Members have intimate and co-operative relationships. 2. Its members maintain relatively limited, formal and impersonal relationships with one another. 3. It is generally a specific or specialized group with a well-defined division of labour. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  1. 1 and 2 only

  2. 2 and 3 only

  3. 1 and 3 only

  4. 1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Secondary groups are characterized by formal, impersonal, and goal-oriented relationships rather than the intimate ties found in primary groups. They typically feature a clear division of labor and are formed to achieve specific tasks.

Multiple choice

Directions: The question below contains four sentences; (A), (B), (C), (D). By arranging the four sentences in the right order, you have to frame a meaningful paragraph. Choose the correct option from the five alternatives that arranges the sentences in the right order and mark it as the answer.

(A) Organisations today are becoming increasingly populated by youthful highly skilled, highly educated workers.

(B) Two of the most prevalent and provocative organizational dynamics of our time are the themes of participation and change.

(C) These demands for participation are creating pressures for internal organizational change which are matched only by external environmental pressures for organizational change.

(D) These young, skilled and educated workers bring with them demands for a voice in the determination of their own organizational destiny - a change to participate in those decisions which affect their organizational lives.

  1. ABDC

  2. ABCD

  3. BADC

  4. BCDA

  5. DCAB
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 The lead statement contains the introduction of the passage, which is participation and change(B). This is followed by the introduction of the other subject, highly skilled and educated workers(A). The sequence available is BADC.

Multiple choice

There are two statements: (1) Boundry between organisation and its environment cannot be exact and definite. (2) Organisation interacts continously with its environment; it is affected by environment and also affects the environment.

Which of the above statements are Correct?

  1. 1 only

  2. 2 only

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Organizations are open systems that exist within a dynamic environment. Because environments are complex and constantly changing, the boundaries between an organization and its surroundings are permeable and fluid rather than fixed.

Multiple choice

Match the following Leadership Style Attributes (a) Autocratic (1) Structured Decisions (b) Benevolent (2) Friendly climate for decisions (c) Consultative (3) Team decisions (d) Participative (4) Traditional decisions

  1. (a) 4 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 2

  2. (a) 4 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

  3. (a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 3

  4. (a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Autocratic leadership relies on traditional decisions (a-4). Benevolent leadership uses structured decisions (b-1). Consultative leadership creates a friendly climate (c-2). Participative leadership involves team decisions (d-3).

Multiple choice

Kids these days have high achievement drive.

So what’s actually new to add to your list of “Big Concerns” for the future? With all due respect to professional prognosticators, which we are not, we’d add three items, based on a recent set of small-session meetings with executives in the United States, Eastern Europe, the Middle East and India.

The first item – and biggest by far –  concerns family businesses, which make up a major portion of many economies. Such companies, of course, have distinct strengths. They can give employees a sense of humanity and belonging creating engagement. And in hard times, their cultures can be forgiving and resilient.

But we sense a growing fault line beneath the foundation of many family businesses. The first reason is linked to the traditional family company focus on the preservation of wealth, rather than the accumulation of it. That “protect the assets” approach may have worked in less complex times, but it could prove devastating in a global environment where risk taking and growth are essential to survival.

And then there is succession, which has never been easy within family firms. But today, increasingly longevity means that many patriarchs are staying in power for years longer, essentially forcing a whole new generation of family members into other pursuits. “Kids” these days do not wait until they are 50 to take charge and have an impact. It’s awkward and stultifying.

  1. Yes

  2. No
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The passage notes that 'Kids these days do not wait until they are 50 to take charge and have an impact', implying they have a strong drive to achieve.

Multiple choice

Theory X states that

  1. workers prefer to be directed

  2. workers exercise self-direction and self-control

  3. workers have inherent liking for work

  4. works are divisible
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Theory X, proposed by Douglas McGregor, assumes that employees are inherently lazy, dislike work, and need to be coerced or directed to perform.

Multiple choice

Theory X and Theory Y were given by

  1. Maslow

  2. Herzberg

  3. McGregor

  4. Vroom
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Douglas McGregor proposed Theory X and Theory Y in his 1960 book, The Human Side of Enterprise. These theories describe two contrasting models of workforce motivation and management style.

Multiple choice

While delegating, a superior delegates

  1. authority and responsibility but not accountability

  2. only authority

  3. only responsibility

  4. only accountability
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Delegation involves transferring authority and responsibility to a subordinate, but the superior remains ultimately accountable for the outcome. Accountability cannot be delegated.

Multiple choice

The delegation of authority depends on the subordinate's

  1. physical qualities

  2. educational qualification

  3. training

  4. ability and potential
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Effective delegation requires that a manager assesses whether the subordinate possesses the necessary skills, competence, and potential to handle the assigned tasks. Physical or educational traits are secondary to actual capability.

Multiple choice

The role of staff in line staff organisation is

  1. authoritative

  2. advisory

  3. responsible

  4. effective
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In a line and staff organization, line personnel have direct authority over production or operations, while staff personnel provide specialized advice, support, and expertise to the line managers.