Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology human brain and sense organs the brain nervous system in humans central nervous system

The following are endothermic mammals. Amongst them there is a pair where the broad transverse band of nervous tissue connecting the two cerebral hemisphere is either poorly developed or absent
1. Didelphis (Opossum) 
2. Delphinus (Dolphin)
3. Tachyglossus (Echidna) 
4. Pteropus (Fruit Bat)

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 2 and 4

  3. 1 and 3

  4. 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The corpus callosum is the primary structure connecting the two cerebral hemispheres in placental mammals. Monotremes like the echidna (Tachyglossus) and marsupials like the opossum (Didelphis) lack a true corpus callosum, having only a smaller anterior commissure.

Multiple choice basics of management of water environmental science conservation of resources food production: soil and water management biology

Freshwater protozoans react to a/an __________ environment by removing water through

  1. hypotonic, turgor pressure

  2. isotonic, a contractile vacuole

  3. hypertonic, a contractile vacuole

  4. hypotonic, a contractile vacuole
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Freshwater protozoans live in a hypotonic environment relative to their cytoplasm. Water enters by osmosis, and they use a contractile vacuole to expel excess water.

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

What are plant-like protists collectively called?

  1. Protozoans

  2. Algae

  3. Fungi

  4. Pseudopodia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The five kingdom classification was proposed by R. H. Whittaker which classifies all the living organisms into these five kingdoms. The Protista is a kingdom of simple single-celled eukaryotic organisms. They have well-developed cell organelles on the basis of which they have been classified into plant and animals like protists. The plant-like protists have chlorophyll, can perform photosynthesis and are collectively known as protists.
Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

A group of biology students were studying about the algae. They prepared a sample slide using a water sample drawn from a puddle. While observing the sample under microscope, they noted that those were living in the colony and the colony was coated with a jelly-like substance. Using these hints identify the organism.

  1. Ulva

  2. Sargassum

  3. Volvox

  4. Diatom
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Volvox is a freshwater green alga. It is found in multicellular colonies. These colonies are known as "coenobium". They also move together in colonies.

So, in this case, option C " Volvox" is the correct answer.

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Colourless, unicellular, cell wall bound, spherical or rod-shaped micro-organism lacking organized nucleus is called as

  1. Mycoplasma

  2. Virus

  3. Bacteria

  4. Cyanobacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

According to five kingdom classification, bacteria are placed in kingdom monera. Organisms of kingdom monera are single celled and they have cell wall made up of peptidoglycans. Their nuclear membrane is absent, have single chromosome and do not have membrane bound cell organelles. DNA is double stranded and suspended in cytoplasm (called nucleoid).

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Exoskeleton of coelenterates is

  1. Siliceous

  2. Chitinous

  3. Calcareous

  4. Both B and C.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Coelenterates (Cnidarians) like corals often produce a calcareous exoskeleton. Some species also have chitinous components in their structure.

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Which of the following kingdom includes Amoeba?

  1. Porifera

  2. Protozoa

  3. Platyhelminthes

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The kingdom protozoa include single-celled eukaryotic organisms. Amoeba is a single-celled eukaryotic organism that has no definite shape and that moves by means of pseudopodia. As amoeba is single-celled eukaryotic organism it is placed is kingdom Protozoa.
So, the correct answer is 'Protozoa'.
Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Which motile-stage of protozoa is helpful in feeding?

  1. Pseudopodium

  2. Cilia

  3. Flagella

  4. Tentacles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pseudopodia (false feet) are extensions of the cytoplasm used by amoeboid protozoa for both locomotion and engulfing food particles (phagocytosis).

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Wheel animalcules are

  1. Coelenterates

  2. Echinoderms

  3. Rotifers

  4. Protozoans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Animalcule is an older term for a microscopic animal or protozoan.
  • Rotifers are microscopic and free-living microscopic or near-microscopic pseudocoelomate animals belonging to the phylum Rotifera.
  • 90% of rotifers inhabit freshwater habitat but some live in brackish water and few in the ocean.
  • Rotifers are called wheel animalcules because their corona is composed of several ciliated tufts around the mouth that in motion resemble a wheel.
  • Hence wheel animalcules are Rotifers.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Rotifers'.
Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

In most simple type of canal system of Porifera, which of the following ways exhibit water flow?

  1. Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Exterior
  2. Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Exterior
  3. Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Exterior
  4. Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Exterior
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The central body cavity of sponges is called spongocoel. Their body is porous. The inhalent pores are called ostia and exhalent pores are known as oscula. The body of a sponge is organised in such a manner as to form a complex system of pores and canals. This system is called canal system. Water flows In through ostia to spongocoel and comes out to exterior via osculum. The continuous water current flowing through the canal system is very important for the life of a sponge. It brings in food and oxygen and canes away carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes and reproductive bodies. Thus, the canal system helps the sponge in nutrition, respiration, excretion and reproduction. So, the correct answer is 'Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Exterior'.
Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following is the most accurate general description of the kingdom Protista?

  1. Eukaryotic, photosynthetic or heterotrophic organisms that inhabit moist environments, form resistant cysts, and reproduce with flagellated gametes

  2. Relatively simple versions of plants, animals and fungi

  3. Eukaryotic, unicellular organisms that may be photosynthetic or heterotrophic

  4. Eukaryotic, heterotrophic and/or photosynthetic, unicellular or simple multicellular organisms, which are different enough from multicellular plants, fungi, or animals to be placed in this diverse group
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kingdom Protista is a group in of eukaryotic organisms which have a true nucleus, they are usually unicellular and the cells of these organisms contain nucleus which is bound to the organelle,  algae are one of the classifications of protista which are photosynthetic organisms that are mostly found in freshwater sources or marine lakes. Protists are heterotrophic organism & on the other hand, has to acquire nutrition from other organisms such as plants or animals to survive.

So, the correct option is 'Eukaryotic, unicellular organisms that may be photosynthetic or heterotrophic'.

Multiple choice zoology allergy immunity related disorders and problems antibody production and vaccination biotechnology

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following phyla contains members that are notorious for causing serious diseases in humans?

  1. Cnidarians

  2. Segmented worms

  3. Flatworms

  4. Chordates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Flatworms are generally parasitic in nature and feed on the host organism's nutrition often causing disorders as a consequence. When it comes to parasitic infection, flatworms and roundworms are likely culprits. These two types of parasitic worms can be found in a variety of habitats. They aren't always visible to the naked eye. Tapeworms and flukes cause diseases in humans and their livestock, whilst monogeneans can cause serious losses of stocks in fish farms. Schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever, is the second most devastating parasitic disease in tropical countries, behind malaria.

So, the correct option is, 'Flatworms'.

Multiple choice zoology allergy immunity related disorders and problems antibody production and vaccination biotechnology

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following combinations of phyla and characteristics is incorrect?

  1. Nematodaround worms, pseudocoelomate

  2. Cnidariaradial symmetry, polyp and medusa body forms

  3. Platyhelminthesflatworms, gastrovascular cavity, acoelomate

  4. Poriferagastrovascular cavity, mouth from blastopore
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The nematodes or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda and have a pseudocoelom and complete digestive system. The partial, fluid-filled cavity inside the body of some invertebrates. Cnidarians have two different body plans. Both body plans have radial symmetry. A polyp, such as a hydra, sea anemone, or coral, is shaped something like a vase. Platyhelminthes, a group of soft-bodied, usually much flattened invertebrates and have cavity only one opening to the outside which, in most cnidarians, is surrounded by tentacles for capturing prey. But Porifera does not have a gastrovascular cavity as it does not have specialized tissues and phyla with a true coelom and digestive system. The protostomes include the phyla Mollusca, Annelida, and Arthropoda but not porifera. 

So, the correct option is, 'Porifera gastrovascular cavity, mouth from blastopore'.

Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction earthworm - reproductive system reproduction in earthworm introduction to reproduction

Stolonic budding is a characteristic of

  1. Porifera and cnidaria

  2. Scyphistoma cnidarians and porifera

  3. Porifera and tunicates

  4. Scyphistoma cnidarians and tunicates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sponges and Cnidarians are among the animals, that can reproduce by budding. A small part of the parent's body separates from the rest and develops into a new individual. Sometimes the buds remain attached and become more or less independent members of a colony. In some tunicate colonies, different individuals are connected by root-like structures called stolons. In others, they share body parts, such as their atrial (exhaling) siphon. These tunicates reproduce asexually through budding example Botryllus schlosseri. The scyphistoma reproduces asexually, producing similar polyps by budding, and then either transforming into a medusa or budding several medusae off from its upper surface. The medusae are initially microscopic and may take years to reach sexual maturity. So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system of man major divisions of nervous system introduction to control and coordination neurons and synapses


Out of the following features which are specific to mammals only?

  1. Corpus callosum

  2. Hairs

  3. Pinna

  4. Homeothermy

  5. Bipedalism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Only mammals have hairs. 
  • The hairs grow from the surface layer of the skin. 
  • Lots of hairs clumped together make up this tiger's fur.  A fur coat helps keep the mammal's body temperature at a constant level. 
  • Hence, Hairs  are specific to mammals only
  • So, the correct answer is 'Hairs'.