ISRO Missions and Satellites

India's first unmanned lunar mission was named Chandrayaan-1, successfully launched in October 2008. The name comes from Sanskrit, where 'Chandra' means moon and 'Yaan' means vehicle. The mission was a major milestone in India's space program and included payloads from NASA, ESA, and Bulgaria. The other options are fictitious names created for the question - Chandravahan, Chandravimaan, and Chandrakhoj are not actual mission names.

Rakesh Sharma became the first Indian citizen to travel to space in 1984 aboard the Soviet Soyuz T-11 mission. He spent 7 days 21 hours and 40 minutes in space. The other names listed are common Indian name combinations but not the correct answer.

Aryabhatta was India's first satellite, launched on April 19, 1975. It was named after the ancient Indian mathematician-astronomer Aryabhata. The satellite was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and conducted experiments in X-ray astronomy.

Chandrayaan-I was India's first lunar satellite mission, launched in 2008. The other options - Aryabhatta, Rohini, and Bhaskar - were all Earth-orbiting satellites launched earlier. Chandrayaan-I successfully orbited the Moon and discovered water molecules on the lunar surface.

Maitri is India's second permanent research station in Antarctica, built and finished in 1989. Dakshin Gangotri was the first (now abandoned), and Bharati is the third. Thus, Maitri is the correct active Indian research base listed.

ANUSAT (Anna University Satellite) was India's first student-made satellite, developed by students of Anna University, Chennai, and launched in 2009. INSAT is a communication satellite series by ISRO. STUDSAT was a later student satellite (2010). PRATHAM was IIT Bombay's student satellite (2016).

Aryabhatta was India's first satellite, launched on April 19, 1975. IRS-1A was India's first remote sensing satellite launched much later in 1988. Bhaskar and Rohini were subsequent satellites. Aryabhatta marked the beginning of India's space program.

NRSC stands for National Remote Sensing Centre, headquartered in Hyderabad. It's under ISRO and deals with satellite-based remote sensing data for India.

Sputnik 1 was the first artificial satellite, launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957. Aryabhatta and Bhaskara were Indian satellites launched much later (1975 and 1979), and Rohini was also an Indian satellite (1980s).

CARTOSAT 2B is an Indian high-resolution earth observation satellite launched by ISRO. IKONOS and QUICKBIRD are US commercial satellites, not Indian. The question asks for an Indian satellite, making CARTOSAT 2B the correct choice among the options.

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Some of the foreign successful Commercial Satellites launched through ISRO's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) are: Kitsat (Korea) Tubsat (DLR - Germany) BIRD (DLR - Germany) PROBA (Verhaert, Belgium)

Statement 1 is correct: ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) has the prime responsibility of providing mission support to near-earth satellites and launch vehicle mission. For this purpose, an integrated network of ground stations at Bangalore, Lucknow, Port Blair, Shriharikota, Thiruvanathapuram and Mauritius has been established by ISTRAC with a multi-mission Spacecraft Control Centre at Bengalore. Statement 2 is also correct: INSAT Master Control Facility (MCF), located at Hassan in Karnataka, is responsible for all the post-launch operations of INSAT satellites including orbit maneuvers, station keeping and on-orbit operation of the spacecraft.