General Awareness · Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

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Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice

Who among the following won the 2014 Nobel Prize for Chemistry?

  1. Arieh Warshel and Martin Karplus

  2. Michael Levitt, Eric Betzig and Brian Kobilka

  3. Robert Lefkowitz and Dan Shechtman

  4. William E. Moerner, Stefan W. Hell and Eric Betzig

  5. Ei-ichi Negishi and Richard F. Heck
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Eric Betzig, Stefan W. Hell, and William E. Moerner for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy. Option D correctly lists all three winners. Options A and E reference winners from different years (2012 and 2010 respectively).

Multiple choice

Who among the following persons won the 2014 Nobel Prize for Physics?

  1. Serge Haroche and David J. Wineland

  2. Saul Perlmutter, Adam G. Riess and Brian Schmidt

  3. Francois Englert and Peter W. Higgs

  4. Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura

  5. Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano, and Shuji Nakamura for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources. Their work on blue LEDs was crucial for creating white LED lighting.

Multiple choice

Who developed the first electric cell?

  1. William Nicholson

  2. Luigi Galvani

  3. Georges Leclanché

  4. Alessandro Volta

  5. Raymond Gaston Planté
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The first electric cell was developed by an italian scientist Luigi Galvani.

Multiple choice

Match the following discoveries with their discoverers:

 
1. Typewriter A. Colt
2. Revolver B. Hargobind Khurana
3. Genetic code C. Graham Bell
4. Telephone D. Sholes

  1. 1 - D, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - C

  2. 1 - B, 2 - C, 3 - D, 4 - A

  3. 1 - A, 2 - D, 3 - B, 4 - C

  4. 1 - C, 2 - B, 3 - D, 4 - A
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The correct matches are: Typewriter - Sholes (Christopher Latham Sholes invented the first practical typewriter), Revolver - Colt (Samuel Colt), Genetic code - Hargobind Khurana (Har Gobind Khorana decoded it), and Telephone - Graham Bell (Alexander Graham Bell).

Multiple choice

Who proposed recapitulation theory?

  1. E. Haeckel

  2. Charles Robert Darwin

  3. Alfred Wallace

  4. Thomas Malthus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Haeckel promoted and popularised Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the controversial recapitulation theory (ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny) claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarises its species' entire evolutionary development, or phylogeny.

Multiple choice

The theory of pangenesis was proposed by

  1. Weismann

  2. Charles Darwin

  3. Sewall Wright

  4. Darlington

  5. Malthus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Charles Darwin, who gave the concept of natural selection-based evolution, also advocated the pangenesis concept for heredity.

Multiple choice

Who discovered the working of stomach?

  1. William Beaumont

  2. Alexis St. Martin

  3. Alexander Fleming

  4. Alexis St. Thomas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The working of a stomach was an accidental discovery by an American army doctor, William Beaumont, when he saved a man named Alexis St. Martin who was badly hit by a shotgun.

Multiple choice

Who among the following is associated with the invention of Jet Engine?

  1. James Watt

  2. Charles Parsons

  3. Orville and Wilbur Wright

  4. Frank Whittle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sir Frank Whittle, a British Royal Air Force officer, invented the turbojet engine in the 1930s. He patented his design in 1930. The Wright brothers pioneered aviation, James Watt improved the steam engine, and Charles Parsons developed the steam turbine.

Multiple choice

Who created Dolly, the first cloned sheep?

  1. Eric E Wieschaus

  2. Ian Wilmut

  3. James Watson

  4. Franscis Crick
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ian Wilmut and his team at the Roslin Institute in Scotland created Dolly, the first cloned mammal (sheep), in 1996. James Watson and Francis Crick discovered DNA structure, and Eric Wieschaus is a developmental biologist. Dolly lived from 1996-2003.