General Awareness ยท Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

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Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice

Who discovered cell?

  1. Robert Hooke

  2. Robert Brown

  3. Virchow

  4. Purkinje
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Correct option is (1).

Multiple choice

Circulation of blood was discovered by

  1. Darwin

  2. Harvey

  3. Aristotle

  4. Lister

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

William Harvey discovered the circulation of blood in 1628 through his work 'De Motu Cordis' (On the Motion of the Heart and Blood). He demonstrated that blood flows in a continuous circuit through the body, pumped by the heart. Darwin is associated with evolution, Aristotle with early biological classification (but not circulation), and Lister with antiseptic surgery. This is a foundational discovery in physiology and medicine.

Multiple choice

Rh factor is named after

  1. monkey

  2. drosophila

  3. rat

  4. man

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Rh (Rhesus) factor was first discovered in the blood of Rhesus monkeys, which is why it bears this name. This blood group system is crucial in transfusion medicine and pregnancy, as Rh incompatibility can cause hemolytic disease in newborns.

Multiple choice

Who discovered that the infective part of virus is nucleic acid?

  1. De Herelle

  2. Hershey and Chase

  3. Lederberg and Tatum

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hershey and Chase (1952) proved that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material using bacteriophages labeled with radioactive isotopes (S-35 for protein, P-32 for DNA). Only the DNA entered bacterial cells, demonstrating nucleic acid is the infectious component.

Multiple choice

The coupling and repulsion hypothesis was put forth by

  1. W. Bateson

  2. T.H. Morgan

  3. L.W. Sharp

  4. John Belling

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

William Bateson proposed the coupling and repulsion hypothesis to explain how alleles from different genes interact. When two dominant alleles are on one chromosome and two recessives on the other (coupling phase), they tend to be inherited together. The opposite arrangement is repulsion. This laid groundwork for linkage theory.

Multiple choice

Who of the following is associated with the discovery of 'Restriction endonuclease'?

  1. Hamilton Smith

  2. H.G. Khorana

  3. Marshal Nirenberg

  4. S. B. Weiss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hamilton Smith (along with Daniel Nathans and Werner Arber) discovered restriction endonucleases in the late 1960s, for which they shared the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Smith isolated the first restriction enzyme HindII from Haemophilus influenzae.

Multiple choice

With which of the following is the name of Louis Pasteur associated?

  1. Explanation of the formation of simple organic molecules in the early atmosphere of earth.

  2. The proposition of the composition of gases in the early atmosphere of earth.

  3. Disproving the theory of spontaneous generation of organisms.

  4. Proposition that the first photosynthetic organisms were cyanobacteria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Louis Pasteur is famous for his swan-neck flask experiments that definitively disproved the theory of spontaneous generation. He showed that microorganisms come from existing microorganisms, not spontaneously from non-living matter.

Multiple choice

Who gave the theory of spontaneous generation?

  1. Redi

  2. Pasteur

  3. Spallanzani

  4. Van Helmonth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Van Helmont proposed the theory of spontaneous generation in the 17th century, suggesting that life could arise from non-living matter. Redi, Pasteur, and Spallanzani all conducted experiments that disproved spontaneous generation. Van Helmont's famous but incorrect recipe involved creating mice from wheat and dirty r.