Indian Political Parties and Elections

Justice Party is a South Indian liberal party which was established in Madras presidency. It was formed in the year 1917 by two socialists namely T. M. Nair and P. Theagaraya Chetty. The main aim of this party was to establish non-Brahminical representation in Madras presidency.

National conference party is a state political party of J & K. It was founded by Sheikh Abdullah and Choudhary Ghulam Abbas in 1932. Earlier it was named as "All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference". In 1939 it was renamed as National Conference to represent all the people of J & K.

Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) or Majority People's Party is one of the only five prominent national political parties of India. The ideology of the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) is "Social Transformation and Economic Emancipation" of the Bahujan Samaj, which comprises of the Scheduled Castes (SCs), the Scheduled Tribes (STs), the Other Backward Classes (OBCs) and Religious Minorities such as Sikhs, Muslims, Christians, Parsis and Buddhists and account for over 85 percent of the country's total population.

CN Annadurai actually joined DK party of Periyar but due to some deference he got separated from the DK and formed DMK.

M.G.Ramachandran in 1972 launched a political party after the name of CN Anndurai which was Anna Dravida (ADMK)

Periyar who was the leader of respect movement in Madras was earlier present in Congress Party.

In 1926, Mahmud Nawazkhan, a retired Hyderabad official, founded the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (also known as Ittehad or MIM). Its objectives were to unite the Muslims in the State in support of Nizam and to reduce the Hindu majority by large-scale conversion to Islam.

Asom Gana Parishad or AGP was formed at the end of a six-year-long Assam agitation against the illegal infiltration of foreigners from Bangladesh into Assam. This protest was led by All Assam Students Union. AASU started a peaceful democratic movement demanding detection of all illegal migrants in the State in 1979 and the movement continued for years. In 1985, AGP was formed after the historic Assam Accord.

Ballari Siddamma was born in 1903 to traditional family in todays Haveri Districts Dundasi Village. Her father was Kottege Basappa. Though he was a businessman by profession, he was interested in freedom struggle. Her father used to bring news papers and periodicals for Siddamma. These made her to develop nationalist thoughts. As she was married to another freedom fighter Murugappa, it became easy for her to participate in the freedom struggle completely. By 1930s, freedom struggle was at its peak in Mysuru state. It was led by Sardar Veeranna Gowda, S. Nijalingappa and T. Siddalingaiah. Ballari Siddamma participated in the Convention of Congress party at Shivapura in 1938.

Yashodharamma was born in Bengaluru on May 28, 1905.Her father was Ramaiah and mother Revamma. Her father was a social reformist oriented person. After finishing her primary studies at Bengaluru, she finished intermediate in Madras at Queen Marys college. On returning from Madras, she was married to Dasappa, the third son of Rao Saheb Chennaiah, in 1926. Both Yashodharamma and Dasappa were social workers. On being influenced by Gandhiji, they became the members of Indian National Congress. The couple stayed at Wadra Seva Grama for few years and returned. They participated in the freedom struggle of Mysuru princely state.They witnessed the inclusion of Mysuru state into Indian federation. 

In a major turn of events, the ruling Congress lost control of India for the first time in independent India in the Indian general election, 1977. The hastily formed, Janata alliance of parties opposed to the ruling Congress party, won 298 seats.

The elections in the largest state Uttar Pradesh, historically a Congress stronghold, turned against Mrs. Gandhi. Dhanagare says the structural reasons included the emergence of a strong and united opposition, disunity and weariness within the Congress, an effective opposition and the failure of Mrs. Gandhi in controlling the mass media, which was under censorship during the Emergency.

The Janata alliance reminded voters of the excesses and human rights violations during the Emergency, like compulsory sterilisation and imprisonment of political leaders. The Janata campaign said the elections would decide whether India would have "democracy or dictatorship."

The Akali Dal  was stoutly oppposed on the Punjabi Suba issue by the Khalsa Dal, a new party created by Congress Sikhs with the support of the government.

The agitation leaders formed a political party, Asom Gana Parishad. It came to power in the state of Assam in the Assembly elections of 1985 and later in 1996.