Indian Literature and Authors

Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya was the Diwan of Mysore for the period 1912-1918. He was a notable Indian engineer, scholar and also statesman. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1955. Moreover, he wrote the book titled “ Planning Economy for India” in 1934. The book emphasised on the economic planning of the country.

Thus, the correct answer is B.

Vandana Shiva is a prominent environmental activist who wrote the book 'The Violence of the Green Revolution' to critique its ecological and social impacts.

Edward Percy Stebbing was a pioneering British forester and forest entomologist in India. He was among the first to warn of desertification and desiccation and wrote on "The Forests of India". In 1923, he wrote of the "desert whose power is incalculable and whose silent and almost invisible approach must be difficult to estimate."

The poem 'Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna' was written by Ramprasad Bismil, a prominent revolutionary who was part of the Hindustan Republican Association.

While in prison, Bhagat Singh wrote the essay 'Why I am an Atheist' to explain his philosophical stance and address accusations of vanity regarding his lack of belief in God.

Ekach Pyala is a Marathi language Drama, written by $Ram$   $Ganesh$  $Gadkari$ explains the effects of Alcohol drinking problem in society.

• Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay was a prominent Bengali novelist and short story writer of the early 20th century. He was born on 15th September 1876 in Devanandapur in Hooghly. He later moved to Burma.
  
• Most of his stories deal with lifestyle, struggles of village people and contemporary social practices that prevailed.
  

Munshi Premchand, an Indian writer, was born in the year 1880 in the Lamhi village near Varanasi. He is the famous writer of the early 20th century. 

The birth name of Premchand was Dhanpat Rai Srivastav and the pen name was Nawab Rai. His first name Munshi is an honorary prefix given by lovers in the society because of his quality and effective writings. As a Hindi writer, he wrote approximately 12 novels, 250 short stories, numerous essays, and translations. Some of his novels include Asrar-e-Ma’abid, Devasthan Rahasya, Prema, Hamkhurma-o-Ham Sawab, etc.

Durgeshnandini, published in 1865, is widely recognized as the first novel written by the Bengali author Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay.

The novel 'Saraswativijayam' strongly attacked caste oppression by showing how a young man from an 'untouchable' caste converts to Christianity, acquires a modern education and becomes a judge. It showed the importance of education for the upliftment of the lower castes.

• 'Anandmath' is a Bengali novel written by Bnakim Chandhra Chattergy and was published in the year 1882. It gained a great importance in the history of Indian literature because it was synonymous with Indian independence struggle.
  
• The national song of India 'Vande Mataram' was published in this book.  It was translated by Julius Lipner and was published by Oxford Press.
  
• A plot is about a couple during Bengal famine who decides to leave the village and go to the nearby city. All the events that take place during and after their travel are depicted in the novel.
  

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's Ananda Math is famous for introducing the song Vande Mataram, which became a powerful symbol of Indian nationalism and patriotism during the freedom struggle.

Neel Darpan is a Bengali play written by Dinabandhu Mitra in 1858–1859. It was a drama depicting the pitiable condition of Bengal under the tyranny of Indigo planters. It was published from Dhaka in 1860.

• 'Politics of Charkha' was written by Jivatram Bhagwandas Kriplani also known as Acharya Kriplani. He was an Indian politician famously known for holding the presidency of Indian National Congress. He worked with Vinobha Bhave.
  
• His other works include “Non Violent Revolution”, “The Gandhian Way”, “The Indian National Congress”, “The Fateful Years”, “The Father of the Congress”, and “The Gandhian Critique”.  He married Sucheta Kriplani who became first female Chief Minister.
  

 The earliest novel in Marathi was Baba Padmanji’s Yamuna Paryatan (1857), which used a simple style of storytelling to speak about the plight of widows.